Until recently, the geographic element of concentrations of economic activity and knowledge spillovers was almost completely disregarded by economic theory. This thesis addresses the issue by analyzing the process of spatial agglomeration of innovative activities by investigating its determinants. A fist purpose is to debate on the meaning of the concept of geographical agglomeration of economic activity; of tacit knowledge and on the importance of geographical proximity between individuals in the transmission of this type of knowledge. The second purpose is to go in deep and analyze the insights of the agglomerations, trying to identify the extent to which the degree of industrial Specialisation (Marshall externalities) or Diversification (Jacobs externalities) in the region may affect the innovative output in a particular local industry. According to the estimation results there are clear signs of the two types of externalities working simultaneously: Marshall externalities or Localization economies associated with the industrial Specialization within the sectors; and Jacobs externalities or Urbanization economies, associated with the degree of Diversification of the local districts.
La localizzazione geografica delle attività economiche e del “knowledge spillover” sono stati presi in considerazione dalla dottrina economica solo di recente. Questa tesi si propone di analizzare il processo delle agglomerazioni geografiche di attività innovative e di valutarne le principali determinanti. Scopo principale è quello di esaminare il significato di concentrazione delle attività economiche e il concetto di “tacit knowledge”, nonché l'importanza della prossimità geografica tra individui per favorire la trasmissione di questo tipo di conoscenza. Secondo obiettivo è quello di analizzare in profondità i fenomeni di concentrazione geografica, cercando di identificare il grado in cui la Specializzazione industriale (Marshall externalities) o la Diversificazione (Jacobs externalities) possono influenzarne l'attività innovativa di una regione. I risultati ottenuti dimostrano chiaramente che i due tipi di esternalità lavorano contemporaneamente: le Marshall externalities o economie di localizzazione sono associate alla Specializzazione del settore, mentre le Jacobs externalites o economie di urbanizzazione sono associate al grado di diversificazione dei distretti.
The impact of geographical agglomerations on the regional development: an empirical study
HANGANU, DIANA
2014/2015
Abstract
Until recently, the geographic element of concentrations of economic activity and knowledge spillovers was almost completely disregarded by economic theory. This thesis addresses the issue by analyzing the process of spatial agglomeration of innovative activities by investigating its determinants. A fist purpose is to debate on the meaning of the concept of geographical agglomeration of economic activity; of tacit knowledge and on the importance of geographical proximity between individuals in the transmission of this type of knowledge. The second purpose is to go in deep and analyze the insights of the agglomerations, trying to identify the extent to which the degree of industrial Specialisation (Marshall externalities) or Diversification (Jacobs externalities) in the region may affect the innovative output in a particular local industry. According to the estimation results there are clear signs of the two types of externalities working simultaneously: Marshall externalities or Localization economies associated with the industrial Specialization within the sectors; and Jacobs externalities or Urbanization economies, associated with the degree of Diversification of the local districts.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/11344