In architecture, prefabrication is the process by which constructions are built by producing components directly in the industries. These elements are then sent to the building site to be assembled together, or, assembled directly in the factory itself generating complete units ready for the use. Today's industrialized building process is able to successfully respond to many urban issues, both in residential and commercial fields with enormous advantages in terms of time and cost, efficacy and reliability. If, on the one hand, prefabricated buildings have brought great advantages during the reconstruction of cities in the post-war period of the XX century thanks to their best performance offered in comparison with traditional techniques, on the other hand, nowadays it is still hard to meet the aesthetic requirements asked by the market. In many countries, such as in Italy, there is a lack of culture about prefabrication because the term is still associated with low quality, unreliable or temporary products. Although throughout history there have been numerous attempts to revive the Prefabrication, the negative image associated with it today is mainly due to the bad achievements of the second half of the twentieth century. The obtained result is a crystallization of the concept of modularity and prefabrication, which has led many Countries to abandon the research in this sector for years. The aim of this research is to use the technique of building prefabrication together with the concept of modularity for the redevelopment of one of the 7 railway stations in Milan. Since 2005, the city of Milan has set the goal of redesigning the abandoned spaces by the railway stations which between 1800 and 1900 were destined to the transport of goods and industrial material through rail. These spaces occupy a total area of around 1,250,000 square meters and today they represent isolated areas such as urban gaps, that for an emerging city as Milan, can potentially represent a great opportunity to re-launching its own image. The decommissioning of Milan's railway stations is a significant resource to start an urban requalification of different parts of the city. The design proposal studied focuses on the creation of a module capable of offering, in addition to the classic advantages of the prefabricated building such as cost and time minimalization, speed and efficiency, a good aesthetic result capable of not being monotonous or serial. The versatility of the modules will be exploited to solve the various problems related to the project area, proposing residential and commercial solutions. For the design of the modules, great attention was paid to the concept of transportability and simplicity of assembly, characteristics which, if not carefully analysed, would lead to the ineffectiveness of the construction technique itself. Keywords: prefabrication, repetitiveness, modularity, singularity
Abstract In architettura la prefabbricazione è un processo attraverso il quale opere architettoniche vengono realizzate tramite la produzione in serie dei loro componenti; questi possono essere successivamente spediti nell’area di progetto per essere assemblati insieme, oppure, essere montati direttamente nel loro luogo di produzione, abbattendo così i tempi di costruzione nel cantiere stesso. Oggigiorno i processi di edilizia modulare e prefabbricata possono risolvere diversi problemi sul piano urbanistico, sia nel settore commerciale che in quello residenziale con enormi vantaggi in termini di tempo, costi, efficienza e affidabilità. Se, da un lato, le costruzioni prefabbricate hanno portato grandi vantaggi durante la ricostruzione delle città in seguito alle guerre mondiali, offrendo performance migliori in tempi di costruzione ridotti, dall’altro, nell’epoca attuale trovano difficoltà nel rispondere ai canoni estetici del mercato. In molti Paesi, come in Italia, manca una cultura circa queste tematiche e l’opinione pubblica è rimasta cristallizzata negativamente nonostante i grandi progressi del settore edile. Spesso le costruzioni prefabbricate sono sinonimo di bassa qualità, prodotti facilmente deteriorabili, poco affidabili. L’obiettivo della ricerca svolta è quello di provare la versatilità delle costruzioni modulari sia nel settore residenziale che in quello commerciale, attraverso la riurbanizzazione di uno dei sette scali ferroviari milanesi presto in disuso: Porta Genova, Milano. Dal 2005, la città di Milano si è posta l'obiettivo di riprogettare gli spazi delle stazioni ferroviarie che presto verranno abbandonati e, che, tra il 1800 e il 1900, erano destinati al trasporto di merci e materiale industriale. Quest’ultimi occupano un'area totale di circa 1.250.000 metri quadrati e oggi rappresentano aree isolate, che, per una città emergente come Milano, possono potenzialmente rappresentare una grande opportunità per proseguire le tematiche della sostenibilità, dell’ecologia e della sperimentazione urbanistica. La demolizione delle stazioni ferroviarie di Milano è un’importante risorsa per avviare una riqualificazione urbana di diverse parti della città, ricucendo il tessuto urbano lacerato dalla loro presenza. La proposta progettuale studiata ha come principale obiettivo la creazione di un modulo abitativo in grado di offrire, oltre ai classici vantaggi dell'edilizia prefabbricata, anche una versatile estetica, permettendogli di adattarsi ai diversi contesti in cui verrà inserito ed escludendo la monotonia e la ripetitività proprie di questo processo edilizio. La flessibilità dei moduli verrà sfruttata anche per risolvere i vari problemi legati all'area del progetto, proponendo soluzioni sia residenziali sia commerciali. Tra tutte le caratteristiche del modulo, la trasportabilità e la semplicità di assemblaggio sono state fondamentali per poter svolgere l’intera ricerca e hanno condizionato fortemente la soluzione finale proposta. Keywords: prefabbricazione; modularità; ripetitività; singolarità
Ripetitività, Diversità e Singolarità: Una progettazione modulare dalla piccola alla grande scala nello scalo ferroviario di Porta Genova, Milano
GUGLIOTTA, FEDERICO
2019/2020
Abstract
In architecture, prefabrication is the process by which constructions are built by producing components directly in the industries. These elements are then sent to the building site to be assembled together, or, assembled directly in the factory itself generating complete units ready for the use. Today's industrialized building process is able to successfully respond to many urban issues, both in residential and commercial fields with enormous advantages in terms of time and cost, efficacy and reliability. If, on the one hand, prefabricated buildings have brought great advantages during the reconstruction of cities in the post-war period of the XX century thanks to their best performance offered in comparison with traditional techniques, on the other hand, nowadays it is still hard to meet the aesthetic requirements asked by the market. In many countries, such as in Italy, there is a lack of culture about prefabrication because the term is still associated with low quality, unreliable or temporary products. Although throughout history there have been numerous attempts to revive the Prefabrication, the negative image associated with it today is mainly due to the bad achievements of the second half of the twentieth century. The obtained result is a crystallization of the concept of modularity and prefabrication, which has led many Countries to abandon the research in this sector for years. The aim of this research is to use the technique of building prefabrication together with the concept of modularity for the redevelopment of one of the 7 railway stations in Milan. Since 2005, the city of Milan has set the goal of redesigning the abandoned spaces by the railway stations which between 1800 and 1900 were destined to the transport of goods and industrial material through rail. These spaces occupy a total area of around 1,250,000 square meters and today they represent isolated areas such as urban gaps, that for an emerging city as Milan, can potentially represent a great opportunity to re-launching its own image. The decommissioning of Milan's railway stations is a significant resource to start an urban requalification of different parts of the city. The design proposal studied focuses on the creation of a module capable of offering, in addition to the classic advantages of the prefabricated building such as cost and time minimalization, speed and efficiency, a good aesthetic result capable of not being monotonous or serial. The versatility of the modules will be exploited to solve the various problems related to the project area, proposing residential and commercial solutions. For the design of the modules, great attention was paid to the concept of transportability and simplicity of assembly, characteristics which, if not carefully analysed, would lead to the ineffectiveness of the construction technique itself. Keywords: prefabrication, repetitiveness, modularity, singularityÈ consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/11691