Background: Appendectomy is one of the most common emergency surgical procedures, but the long-term consequences have not been fully explored yet. The physiological function of the human appendix has not been completely understood; however several hypotheses have been made. It could act as a “priming station” or “safe house” for good gut bacteria, thus leading to certain diseases when inflamed. Methods: A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Articles with appendectomy and post-operative implication were screened and those with pertinent information were evaluated. Results: Appendectomy resulted associated with several disease, among them: ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn disease (CD), cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), Parkinson disease (PD), malignant neoplasia, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and a miscellaneous of other. Results showed a highly probable association between appendectomy and the development CDI, PD and CD. A possible association was found for cardiovascular disease, gallstones and malignant neoplasia. An unlikely association was found for type II diabetes, PSC and UC. Conclusions: Correlation between appendectomy and development of certain disease exist but it doesn’t imply cause. Common environmental, immunological and genetic factors can also account for the development of the disease, more than the appendicitis itself. However, the human appendix may have an important role in preventing those disease, and for this reason, if confirmed, a paradigm shift towards a conservative approach should be considered.
Background: l’appendicectomia è una delle più comuni emergenze chirurgiche, ma le conseguenze a lungo termine non sono state esplorate a fondo. La funziona fisiologica dell’appendice umana non è stata completamente appresa, anche se sono state fatte alcune ipotesi. Potrebbe agire da “priming station” o “safe house” per batteri buoni del microbiota intestinale, causando quindi a determinate malattie in caso di infiammazione. Metodi: la revisione è stata condotta secondo le line guida PRISMA. Sono stati cercati articoli riguardanti l’appendicectomia e le implicazioni post operatorie, valutando quelli con informazioni pertinenti per lo studio. Risultati: l’appendectomia è risultata associata a diverse malattie, tra cui: colite ulcerosa (UC), malattia di Crohn (CD), malattia cardiovascolare, diabete di tipo II, infezione da clostridioides difficile (CDI), malattia di Parkinson, neoplasia maligna, colangite sclerosante primitive (PSC) e una miscellanea di altre. I risultati hanno mostrato una alta probabilità di associazione di appendicectomia e lo sviluppo di CDI, PD e CD. Una possible associazione è stata trovata per la malattia cardiovascolare, la calcolosi biliare e la neoplasia maligna. Una associazione poco probabile è stata trovata con il diabete di tipo II, PSC e UC. Conclusioni: La correlazione tra appendicectomia e sviluppo di certe malattie esiste, ma non necessariamente implica causa. Fattori ambientali, immunologici e genetici possono entrare in gioco nello sviluppo della patologia, anche più dell’appendicite stessa. Tuttavia, l’appendice umana potrebbe avere un ruolo importante nella prevenzione di queste malattie, e per questa ragione, se confermato, dovrebbe essere condiserato il passaggio ad un trattamento conservative della stessa.
APPENDECTOMY IMPACT AND ASSOCIATED DISEASES: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW Impatto dell’appendicectomia e malattie associate: revisione sistematica della letteratura
SCHIRINZI, VERONICA
2019/2020
Abstract
Background: Appendectomy is one of the most common emergency surgical procedures, but the long-term consequences have not been fully explored yet. The physiological function of the human appendix has not been completely understood; however several hypotheses have been made. It could act as a “priming station” or “safe house” for good gut bacteria, thus leading to certain diseases when inflamed. Methods: A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Articles with appendectomy and post-operative implication were screened and those with pertinent information were evaluated. Results: Appendectomy resulted associated with several disease, among them: ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn disease (CD), cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), Parkinson disease (PD), malignant neoplasia, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and a miscellaneous of other. Results showed a highly probable association between appendectomy and the development CDI, PD and CD. A possible association was found for cardiovascular disease, gallstones and malignant neoplasia. An unlikely association was found for type II diabetes, PSC and UC. Conclusions: Correlation between appendectomy and development of certain disease exist but it doesn’t imply cause. Common environmental, immunological and genetic factors can also account for the development of the disease, more than the appendicitis itself. However, the human appendix may have an important role in preventing those disease, and for this reason, if confirmed, a paradigm shift towards a conservative approach should be considered.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/12943