In December 2019, a new severe acute respiratory syndrome also called COVID19 began to spread, whose causative agent is coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). COVID-19 is not the first acute respiratory disease caused by coronavirus. In the last 20 years, two other epidemic diseases have been identified: acute severe respiratory syndrome (SARS-Cov) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-Cov). The primary symptoms of COVID19 are similar to those of the two previous syndromes: fever, fatigue, dry cough, discomfort in the upper chest, occasional diarrhea and wheezing. In addition, severe cases of COVID19 show secondary infections, storm-induced sepsis of cytokines and multiple organ failure. Despite the crucial role of Dcs in both innate and adaptive immune response, the specific role of these cells in COVID-19 disease is not exhaustive yet. These cells seem to be involved in the development and evolution of the disease, but it is not yet clear whether they may be effectors of viral activity, targets of the infection itself or both assumptions. In addition, studies have shown that in severely ill patients there is a phenotypic change of this cells, presumably associated with a variation in function, in various subsets of Dcs. The purpose of this work is to study the role of Dcs in SARS-Cov-2 infection, firstly analyzing the various sub-populations, their variations in gene expression profiles and at last, the direct interaction between Dcs and the virus.
Nel dicembre 2019 cominciò a diffondersi una nuova sindrome respiratoria acuta grave anche detta malattia COVID19, il cui agente eziologico è il coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Il COVID-19 non è la prima malattia acuta respiratoria causata da coronavirus. Negli ultimi 20 anni sono state infatti identificate altre due malattie epidemiche: la sindrome respiratoria acuta grave (SARS-CoV) e la sindrome respiratoria del Medio Oriente (MERS-CoV). I sintomi primari del COVID19 sono simili a quelli delle due precedenti sindromi: febbre, affaticamento, tosse secca, fastidio nella parte superiore del torace, diarrea occasionale e dispnea. In aggiunta, i casi gravi di COVID19 mostrano infezioni secondarie, sepsi indotta da tempeste di citochine e insufficienza multiorgano. Nonostante il ruolo cruciale delle DCs nella risposta immunitaria, sia innata che adattativa, il ruolo specifico di queste cellule nella malattia da COVID-19 non è ancora esaustivo. Queste cellule sembrano essere coinvolte nello sviluppo e nell’evoluzione della malattia; non è però ancora chiaro se possano essere effettori dell’attività virale, bersagli dell’infezione stessa o entrambi. Inoltre, alcuni studi hanno dimostrato che nei pazienti malati in modo grave si verifica un cambiamento fenotipico, presumibilmente associato a una variazione della funzionalità, in varie sottopopolazioni di DCs. Lo scopo di questo lavoro è quello di studiare il ruolo delle DCs nell’infezione da SARS-CoV-2, analizzando dapprima le varie sottopopolazioni, le loro variazioni nei profili di espressione genica e infine l’interazione diretta tra le DCs e il virus.
Ruolo delle cellule dendritiche umane nell'infezione da SARS-CoV-2
SPARTANO, LUCIA
2019/2020
Abstract
In December 2019, a new severe acute respiratory syndrome also called COVID19 began to spread, whose causative agent is coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). COVID-19 is not the first acute respiratory disease caused by coronavirus. In the last 20 years, two other epidemic diseases have been identified: acute severe respiratory syndrome (SARS-Cov) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-Cov). The primary symptoms of COVID19 are similar to those of the two previous syndromes: fever, fatigue, dry cough, discomfort in the upper chest, occasional diarrhea and wheezing. In addition, severe cases of COVID19 show secondary infections, storm-induced sepsis of cytokines and multiple organ failure. Despite the crucial role of Dcs in both innate and adaptive immune response, the specific role of these cells in COVID-19 disease is not exhaustive yet. These cells seem to be involved in the development and evolution of the disease, but it is not yet clear whether they may be effectors of viral activity, targets of the infection itself or both assumptions. In addition, studies have shown that in severely ill patients there is a phenotypic change of this cells, presumably associated with a variation in function, in various subsets of Dcs. The purpose of this work is to study the role of Dcs in SARS-Cov-2 infection, firstly analyzing the various sub-populations, their variations in gene expression profiles and at last, the direct interaction between Dcs and the virus.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/13577