Analyze the relationships between the costs of CO2 emissions, gas prices, and electricity prices in the Italian market over a ten-years period (2013-2023)

Gas remains a key component in the fuel mix of many EU countries, accounting for over half of the EU's electricity needs, which implies that dependence on fossil fuels would persist even as renewable energy technology develops. This dissertation aims to analyze the relationships between the costs of CO2 emissions, gas prices, and electricity prices in the Italian market over a 10-year period from 2013 to 2023 by using the data of hourly electricity prices and daily prices for gas and the cost of CO2 emissions. The study employs statistical tests such as correlation, regression, and vector auto-regression to identify a reasonable correlation between gas price and CO2 emission cost in Italy's energy market. By establishing a relationship between these factors, the study seeks to predict the trend of the market The findings of this analysis will be valuable to energy market stakeholders, policymakers, and researchers seeking to improve the sustainability and efficiency of energy markets in order to minimize risks and maximize profits.