Background: Clinical Pathways (CP) are considered a 'complex intervention' of clinical governance used to systematically plan and execute a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary care programme based on scientific evidence, contextualised to clinical reality. Despite their wide international use, many uncertainties remain regarding their effect in the oncology setting. The aim of this systematic review of Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT) is to evaluate the impact of CP in cancer patients in intra-hospital settings. Methods: The search took place from January to October 2023, consulting the databases of: PubMed, Embase, Cinhal Complete (EBSCO) and Scopus (Elsevier) and the Google Scholar search engine. The RYYAN systematic review software was used for the process of identification, screening and inclusion of articles. The eligibility phase was characterised by strict inclusion criteria, such as: RCT study designs, in English, whose definition of Clinical Pathways conforms to that used by the European Pathways Association. For the drafting of this systematic review, the PRISMA statement 2020 guidelines were followed, while the methodological quality within the individual included studies was assessed with the Risk of Bias Tool (EPOC). Due to the heterogeneity of the results of the included studies and the complexity of oncology disease management, a narrative synthesis of the data was planned without meta-analysis. Results: Information was tabulated according to the JBI method for evidence synthesis by systematic review by McArthur et al. (2020). Seven RCT with a total of 1983 patients and a predominantly low bias risk assessment (>70%) were included. The primary end-points, about improved standardisation of care delivery with adherence to current guidelines and protocols, improvement of psychological well-being, reduction of clinical complications and post-treatment adverse events, as well as patient satisfaction and completeness of clinical documentation, had noticeable improvements. Whereas with regard to the secondary end-points of proper care planning and staff satisfaction, it does not seem to be clear whether this intervention can bring about improvements in this respect. Conclusion: These encouraging data can be used as a driver for the identification of possible EBN-based clinical practice improvement actions for oncology patients and healthcare personnel in the future, recognising that the implementation of this intervention requires a high degree of organisational commitment and change in work habits. However, further research is needed to better understand the exact effect and which outcomes may be affected. Key words: Integrated Clinical Pathway, Oncology Care, Care Planning, Outcomes, Systematic Review.
Sfondo: I Clinical Pathways (CP) sono considerati un “intervento complesso” di clinical governance utilizzato per pianificare ed eseguire sistematicamente un programma di assistenza multidisciplinare e interdisciplinare basato su evidenze scientifiche contestualizzate alla realtà clinica. Nonostante il loro ampio uso a livello internazionale, rimangono molte incertezze riguardo l’effetto in ambito oncologico. L’obiettivo di questa revisione sistematica di Studi Randomizzati Controllati (RCT) è quello di valutare l’impatto dei CP nei pazienti oncologici in setting intra-ospedalieri. Metodi: La ricerca si è svolta da gennaio ad ottobre 2023, consultando i database di: PubMed, Embase, Cinhal Complete (EBSCO) e Scopus (Elsevier) e il motore di ricerca Google Scholar. Per il processo di identificazione, screening e inclusione degli articoli è stato utilizzato il software RYYAN per sistematic review. La fase di ammissibilità è stata caratterizzata da rigorosi criteri di inclusione, quali: disegni di studio RCT e articoli in lingua inglese, la cui definizione di Clinical Pathways è conforme a quella utilizzata dall’European Pathways Association. Per la stesura di questa revisione sistematica sono state seguite le linee guida PRISMA statement 2020, mentre la qualità metodologica all'interno dei singoli studi inclusi è stata valutata con la Risk of Bias Tool (EPOC). A causa dell’eterogeneità dei risultati degli studi inclusi e della complessità della gestione della patologia oncologia, è stata prevista una sintesi narrativa dei dati senza meta-analisi. Risultati: Le informazioni sono state registrate in tabella secondo il metodo JBI per la sintesi delle prove per sistematic review di McArthur et al. (2020). Sono stati inclusi 7 RCT per un totale di 1983 pazienti e una valutazione di rischio bias prevalentemente bassa (70%). Gli end-points primari, circa una migliore standardizzazione delle cure erogate con aderenza a linee guida e protocolli vigenti, miglioramento del benessere psicologico, riduzione delle complicanze cliniche ed eventi avversi post-trattamento, nonché soddisfazione dei pazienti e completezza della documentazione clinica, hanno avuto miglioramenti sensibili. Mentre per quanto riguarda gli end-points secondari, circa la corretta pianificazione assistenziale e soddisfazione del personale, non sembra essere chiaro se questo intervento possa apportare migliorie a riguardo. Conclusione: Questi dati incoraggianti possono essere utilizzati come driver per l'identificazione di possibili azioni di miglioramento della pratica clinica basata su EBN sul paziente oncologico e per il personale sanitario che li userà in futuro, riconoscendo che l’implementazione di questo intervento richiede un elevato impegno organizzativo e di cambiamento delle abitudini lavorative. Tuttavia, sono necessarie ulteriori ricerche per capire meglio l’esatto effetto e quali esiti possono essere influenzati. Key words: Percorso Clinico Integrato, Cure Oncologiche, Pianificazione delle Cure, Esiti, Revisione Sistematica.
L'impatto dei Clinical Pathways sugli esiti correlati al paziente oncologico: Una revisione sistematica di Trials clinici Controllati Randomizzati
CELLURA, LUCIANO
2022/2023
Abstract
Background: Clinical Pathways (CP) are considered a 'complex intervention' of clinical governance used to systematically plan and execute a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary care programme based on scientific evidence, contextualised to clinical reality. Despite their wide international use, many uncertainties remain regarding their effect in the oncology setting. The aim of this systematic review of Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT) is to evaluate the impact of CP in cancer patients in intra-hospital settings. Methods: The search took place from January to October 2023, consulting the databases of: PubMed, Embase, Cinhal Complete (EBSCO) and Scopus (Elsevier) and the Google Scholar search engine. The RYYAN systematic review software was used for the process of identification, screening and inclusion of articles. The eligibility phase was characterised by strict inclusion criteria, such as: RCT study designs, in English, whose definition of Clinical Pathways conforms to that used by the European Pathways Association. For the drafting of this systematic review, the PRISMA statement 2020 guidelines were followed, while the methodological quality within the individual included studies was assessed with the Risk of Bias Tool (EPOC). Due to the heterogeneity of the results of the included studies and the complexity of oncology disease management, a narrative synthesis of the data was planned without meta-analysis. Results: Information was tabulated according to the JBI method for evidence synthesis by systematic review by McArthur et al. (2020). Seven RCT with a total of 1983 patients and a predominantly low bias risk assessment (>70%) were included. The primary end-points, about improved standardisation of care delivery with adherence to current guidelines and protocols, improvement of psychological well-being, reduction of clinical complications and post-treatment adverse events, as well as patient satisfaction and completeness of clinical documentation, had noticeable improvements. Whereas with regard to the secondary end-points of proper care planning and staff satisfaction, it does not seem to be clear whether this intervention can bring about improvements in this respect. Conclusion: These encouraging data can be used as a driver for the identification of possible EBN-based clinical practice improvement actions for oncology patients and healthcare personnel in the future, recognising that the implementation of this intervention requires a high degree of organisational commitment and change in work habits. However, further research is needed to better understand the exact effect and which outcomes may be affected. Key words: Integrated Clinical Pathway, Oncology Care, Care Planning, Outcomes, Systematic Review.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
Per maggiori informazioni e per verifiche sull'eventuale disponibilità del file scrivere a: unitesi@unipv.it.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/17180