The "consumer dilemma": in addition to a tribute to Tucker's well-known "prisoner dilemma" with which he shares many similarities, this work aims to outline the buyer 's sentiment on the durable goods market, in particular in that automotive, characterized by strong indecision in the purchase of the car product. In the current context, on the one hand, the effects of scandals in the production sector face each other, which do not make it more credible in the technological solutions proposed, on the other, the lack of realism on the part of those who would like a revolution in the world of transport without in-depth analysis. The most striking aspect is, which makes this analysis unique in its kind, the total upheaval of the world economy following the Covid-19 pandemic that occurred just during the writing of this work. Paradoxically, in the catastrophe, the first available data and the results of the investigations lead us to believe that the relevant purchasing factors of the 'motorist' consumer have remained unchanged, with the exception of course of the reduced spending capacity compared to the previous phase. From a historical point of view, the real crisis in the consumer decision-making sphere began in 2015 as a consequence of the scandal called "Diesel gate", which started in the United States and then affected Europe and which saw the Volkswagen car manufacturer protagonist of this event. Once the zero point has been identified in the stall of the car market, where traditional fueled vehicles (especially diesel) are demonized, there is a growing number of measures aimed at favoring electric traction without a complete analysis of environmental impact where it would be clear that 'clean' energy is actually still mainly produced from fossil fuels. The analysis of consumer sentiment with the identification of its decision block is carried out on multiple sources and on several levels, starting from the analysis of the historical series on the registration of cars to continue with the study of data from institutional sources ( ISTAT), commercial sources (Findomestic), company sources (survey on the choice of vehicle type) and direct tests on the web with statistical studies on textual recurrences conducted with Python programming language. The results are obviously interlocutors, in the sense that consumer sentiment is identified and characterized, but precise recipes cannot be provided to resolve the decision-making stalemate in which it is found; to demonstrate that this limit is temporarily unavoidable, the most significant communication campaigns of the producers who directly, sometimes even irreverently, address the consumer dilemma are analyzed by proposing solutions that aim to manage a transitory situation in an objectively rational way, but without take the root problem. In such a scenario, the importance of digital marketing and big data analysis emerges; for this reason, the solutions currently available are illustrated. Finally, the work proposes some projections on purchase intentions also in the post-COVID era, taking into consideration the concrete opportunity generated in the automotive sector, due to the fact that the car will absorb almost all the demand for private mobility, since public transport is not indicated for the purpose of preventing infection. The last question of the post-pandemic era concerns the possibility of prevalence of an attitude favorable to purchases, perhaps even compulsive, compared to a "nihilistic" scenario in which fear is prevalent and blocking; also in this case some facts are analyzed which characterize the car market and which may be relevant in a gradual return to the 'new' normality.
Il “dilemma del consumatore”: oltre a un tributo al ben più noto “dilemma del prigioniero” di Tucker con il quale condivide numerose similitudini, questo lavoro si propone di delineare il sentiment dell’acquirente sul mercato dei beni durevoli, in particolare in quello dell’automotive, caratterizzato da forte indecisione nell’acquisto del prodotto autovettura. Nel contesto attuale si fronteggiano da un lato gli effetti degli scandali nel settore della produzione, che non lo rendono più credibile nelle soluzioni tecnologiche proposte, dall’altro la mancanza di realismo da parte di chi vorrebbe una rivoluzione del mondo dei trasporti senza analisi approfondite. L’aspetto più eclatante, è il totale stravolgimento dell’economia mondiale a seguito della pandemia di Covid-19 avvenuta proprio durante la redazione di questo lavoro. Paradossalmente, nella catastrofe, i primi dati disponibili e i risultati delle indagini inducono a ritenere che i fattori rilevanti di acquisto del consumatore ‘automobilista’ siano rimasti inalterati, ad eccezione ovviamente della ridotta capacità di spesa rispetto alla fase precedente. Da un punto di vista storico, la vera crisi nella sfera decisionale del consumatore comincia nel 2015 come conseguenza dello scandalo denominato “Diesel gate”, che ha visto la casa automobilistica Volkswagen protagonista di questo evento. Individuato il punto zero nello stallo del mercato dell’auto, dove i veicoli ad alimentazione tradizionale (diesel soprattutto) vengono demonizzati, si assiste a un crescendo di provvedimenti orientati a favorire la trazione elettrica senza un’analisi completa di impatto ambientale dove si evincerebbe che l’energia ‘pulita’ in realtà è ancora prodotta prevalentemente da combustibili fossili. L’analisi del Sentiment del consumatore con l’individuazione del suo blocco decisionale, viene partendo dall’analisi delle serie storiche sull’immatricolazione delle autovetture per proseguire con lo studio di dati provenienti da fonti istituzionali (ISTAT), fonti commerciali (Findomestic), fonti aziendali (survey sulla scelta di tipologia di vetture) e test diretti sul web con studi statistici sulle ricorrenze testuali condotte con linguaggio di programmazione Python. I risultati sono ovviamente interlocutori, nel senso che il sentiment del consumatore viene identificato e caratterizzato, ma non possono essere fornite ricette precise per risolvere lo stallo decisionale in cui si trova; per dimostrare che questo limite è momentaneamente ineludibile, vengono analizzate le campagne di comunicazione più significative dei produttori che affrontano direttamente, a volte anche in modo irriverente, il dilemma del consumatore proponendo soluzioni che mirano a gestire una situazione transitoria in modo oggettivamente razionale, ma senza prendere il problema alla radice. In uno scenario così caratterizzato, emerge l’importanza del digital marketing e della big data analysis; per questo vengono illustrate le soluzioni attualmente disponibili. Il lavoro infine propone alcune proiezioni sulle intenzioni di acquisto anche in epoca post-COVID, tenendo in considerazione la concreta opportunità generatasi nel settore automotive, dovuta al fatto che l’automobile assorbirà la quasi totalità della domanda di mobilità dei privati, essendo i mezzi pubblici non indicati in ottica di prevenzione del contagio. L’ultimo quesito dell’epoca post pandemica riguarda la possibilità di prevalenza di un atteggiamento favorevole agli acquisti, magari anche compulsivo, rispetto a uno scenario ‘nichilista’ in cui la paura è prevalente e bloccante; anche in questo caso si analizzano alcuni dati di fatto che caratterizzano il mercato dell’auto e che possono essere rilevanti in un graduale ritorno alla ‘nuova’ normalità.
IL MERCATO DELL’AUTO IN ITALIA: IL DILEMMA DEL CONSUMATORE TRA DIESELGATE E COVID-19
CAMPANELLA, FRANCESCO
2019/2020
Abstract
The "consumer dilemma": in addition to a tribute to Tucker's well-known "prisoner dilemma" with which he shares many similarities, this work aims to outline the buyer 's sentiment on the durable goods market, in particular in that automotive, characterized by strong indecision in the purchase of the car product. In the current context, on the one hand, the effects of scandals in the production sector face each other, which do not make it more credible in the technological solutions proposed, on the other, the lack of realism on the part of those who would like a revolution in the world of transport without in-depth analysis. The most striking aspect is, which makes this analysis unique in its kind, the total upheaval of the world economy following the Covid-19 pandemic that occurred just during the writing of this work. Paradoxically, in the catastrophe, the first available data and the results of the investigations lead us to believe that the relevant purchasing factors of the 'motorist' consumer have remained unchanged, with the exception of course of the reduced spending capacity compared to the previous phase. From a historical point of view, the real crisis in the consumer decision-making sphere began in 2015 as a consequence of the scandal called "Diesel gate", which started in the United States and then affected Europe and which saw the Volkswagen car manufacturer protagonist of this event. Once the zero point has been identified in the stall of the car market, where traditional fueled vehicles (especially diesel) are demonized, there is a growing number of measures aimed at favoring electric traction without a complete analysis of environmental impact where it would be clear that 'clean' energy is actually still mainly produced from fossil fuels. The analysis of consumer sentiment with the identification of its decision block is carried out on multiple sources and on several levels, starting from the analysis of the historical series on the registration of cars to continue with the study of data from institutional sources ( ISTAT), commercial sources (Findomestic), company sources (survey on the choice of vehicle type) and direct tests on the web with statistical studies on textual recurrences conducted with Python programming language. The results are obviously interlocutors, in the sense that consumer sentiment is identified and characterized, but precise recipes cannot be provided to resolve the decision-making stalemate in which it is found; to demonstrate that this limit is temporarily unavoidable, the most significant communication campaigns of the producers who directly, sometimes even irreverently, address the consumer dilemma are analyzed by proposing solutions that aim to manage a transitory situation in an objectively rational way, but without take the root problem. In such a scenario, the importance of digital marketing and big data analysis emerges; for this reason, the solutions currently available are illustrated. Finally, the work proposes some projections on purchase intentions also in the post-COVID era, taking into consideration the concrete opportunity generated in the automotive sector, due to the fact that the car will absorb almost all the demand for private mobility, since public transport is not indicated for the purpose of preventing infection. The last question of the post-pandemic era concerns the possibility of prevalence of an attitude favorable to purchases, perhaps even compulsive, compared to a "nihilistic" scenario in which fear is prevalent and blocking; also in this case some facts are analyzed which characterize the car market and which may be relevant in a gradual return to the 'new' normality.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/172