Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an established procedure for the management of several malignant and nonmalignant disorders of infancy and childhood. In the last decade, manipulation of HLA-haploidentical grafts by means of αβ T cell depletion and CD19+ B cell depletion (αβhaplo-HSCT) allowed to overcome the paucity of HLA-identical siblings and the delay due to the search of matched unrelated donors (MUD) overcoming the HLA barrier. In this study we addressed the global outcome of a cohort of 73 pediatric patients with malignant and nonmalignant diseases given αβhaplo-HSCT between November 2012 and July 2019 at the Unità Operativa Complessa di Ematologia e Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia. With a median follow-up of 2.18 years, the 5-year probability of overall survival was 67%, while that of event-free survival was 65%. The 5-year non-relapse mortality rate was 12%. The cumulative incidences of rejection and relapse were 7% and 26%, respectively. The overall 100-day cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD was 10%, while the cumulative incidence of grade III-IV acute GVHD was 3%. The 5-year cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 8%, while that of extensive chronic GVHD was 4%. Thanks to the CD19+ B cell depletion combined with the administration of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab on day –1, no patient developed EBV-related posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). The most frequent post-transplant complication was represented by infections, accounting for the second most common cause of mortality after disease relapse. Our data demonstrate that αβ T cell–/CD19+ B cell–depleted haplo-HSCT is a feasible and well tolerated therapeutic option in pediatric patients with malignant and nonmalignant disorders.
OUTCOME COMPLESSIVO DI UNA COORTE DI 73 PAZIENTI PEDIATRICI SOTTOPOSTI A TRAPIANTO HLA APLOIDENTICO DI CELLULE STAMINALI EMOPOIETICHE CON DEPLEZIONE DEI LINFOCITI T α/β E LINFOCITI B CD19+ Il trapianto allogenico di cellule staminali emopoietiche (TCSE) rappresenta una consolidata procedura terapeutica per il trattamento di molteplici malattie maligne e non maligne dell’infanzia. Nello scorso decennio, la manipolazione dell’inoculo di cellule staminali da donatore HLA aploidentico attraverso deplezione dei linfociti T ha consentito di ottemperare sia alla carenza di donatore familiare HLA-identico sia all’attesa dovuta alla ricerca di un donatore non consanguineo HLA-identico, superando la barriera dell’HLA. Nel nostro studio abbiamo valutato l’outcome complessivo di una coorte di 73 pazienti pediatrici affetti da malattie maligne e non maligne sottoposti a trapianto HLA aploidentico di cellule staminali emopoietiche dopo selezione negativa dei linfociti T αβ e linfociti B CD19+ presso l’Unità Operativa Complessa di Ematologia e Oncoematologia Pediatrica della Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia tra Novembre 2012 e Luglio 2019. Con un follow-up mediano di 2,18 anni, la sopravvivenza a 5 anni è stata del 67%, mentre la sopravvivenza libera da eventi è risultata essere del 65%. La mortalità in remissione a 5 anni si è attestata al 12%. Le incidenze cumulative di rigetto e recidiva sono state rispettivamente del 7% e del 26%. L’incidenza cumulativa a 100 giorni della malattia del trapianto contro l’ospite (GVHD) acuta di grado II-IV è stata del 10%, mentre quella di grado III-IV è stata del 3%. L’incidenza cumulativa della GVHD cronica a 5 anni si è attestata all’8%, mentre quella della GVHD cronica estesa al 4%. Grazie alla deplezione dei linfociti B CD19+ combinata alla somministrazione dell’anticorpo monoclonale anti-CD20 rituximab in giornata –1, nessun paziente ha sviluppato una malattia linfoproliferativa post-trapianto EBV-correlata. Le infezioni hanno rappresentato la complicazione post-trapianto più frequente nonché la seconda causa di mortalità dopo la recidiva. I nostri dati dimostrano che il trapianto HLA aploidentico di cellule staminali emopoietiche con deplezione di linfociti T αβ e linfociti B CD19+ sia un’opzione terapeutica praticabile e ben tollerata in pazienti pediatrici affetti da malattie maligne e non maligne.
GLOBAL OUTCOME OF A COHORT OF 73 PEDIATRIC PATIENTS GIVEN HLA HAPLOIDENTICAL α/β T CELL-DEPLETED AND CD19+ B CELL-DEPLETED HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
TOMATIS, ALESSIO
2019/2020
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an established procedure for the management of several malignant and nonmalignant disorders of infancy and childhood. In the last decade, manipulation of HLA-haploidentical grafts by means of αβ T cell depletion and CD19+ B cell depletion (αβhaplo-HSCT) allowed to overcome the paucity of HLA-identical siblings and the delay due to the search of matched unrelated donors (MUD) overcoming the HLA barrier. In this study we addressed the global outcome of a cohort of 73 pediatric patients with malignant and nonmalignant diseases given αβhaplo-HSCT between November 2012 and July 2019 at the Unità Operativa Complessa di Ematologia e Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo di Pavia. With a median follow-up of 2.18 years, the 5-year probability of overall survival was 67%, while that of event-free survival was 65%. The 5-year non-relapse mortality rate was 12%. The cumulative incidences of rejection and relapse were 7% and 26%, respectively. The overall 100-day cumulative incidence of grade II-IV acute GVHD was 10%, while the cumulative incidence of grade III-IV acute GVHD was 3%. The 5-year cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 8%, while that of extensive chronic GVHD was 4%. Thanks to the CD19+ B cell depletion combined with the administration of the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab on day –1, no patient developed EBV-related posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). The most frequent post-transplant complication was represented by infections, accounting for the second most common cause of mortality after disease relapse. Our data demonstrate that αβ T cell–/CD19+ B cell–depleted haplo-HSCT is a feasible and well tolerated therapeutic option in pediatric patients with malignant and nonmalignant disorders.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/17755