Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative progressive disease characterized by degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons (MN). The most common clinical manifestation of the disease is muscular weakness that usually ends into respiratory failure. ALS presents familiar (10%) and sporadic (90%) cases that share several biochemical processes (oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, immune system abnormalities, excitotoxicity). Glutamate toxicity is currently modulated in the clinical practice with riluzole although with limited benefits. The possibility to derive patient specific human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSC) and to differentiate them toward MNs gives the opportunity to perform functional studies, interrogate new mechanisms and in perspective set up drug screening. We harvested biopsies from more than 50 subjects with a diagnosis of ALS and reprogrammed fibroblasts of 3 subjects carrying genetic mutations in SOD1, 3 in TARDBP and 2 in C9Orf72-TARDBP disease-discordant familiar carriers using non-integrating Sendai viral vectors. We have been able to expand hiPSC clones from 8 ALS and 3 HC subjects with a success rate ranging from 1 to 20%. We characterized 3 clones per ALS line (FACS, RT-PCR, IF, EB formation). We compared 4 protocols to differentiate PSCs into MNs and obtained best reproducibility in control lines using the strategy in Du et al. (Nat Commun 2015). MNs functional characterization has been performed by IF, HB9-LV infection, WB, qRT-PCR, electrophysiology and co-culture with murine satellite cells or immortalized mouse muscle C2C12. We differentiated one clone of each ALS line in MNs and evaluated differences between HCs and patients in terms of morphological features, firing and proteostasis impairment due to mutation in SOD1 and TDP43.
La sclerosi laterale amiotrofica (SLA) è una rara malattia progressiva neurodegenerativa caratterizzata da degenerazione di entrambi i neuroni motori superiori ed inferiori (MN). La manifestazione clinica più comune della malattia è la debolezza muscolare che si conclude di solito in insufficienza respiratoria. La SLA presenta una forma familiare (10%) e una sporadica (90%) che condividono molti processi biochimici (stress ossidativo, disfunzione mitocondriale, anomalie del sistema immunitario, eccitotossicità). La tossicità del glutammato è attualmente modulata nella pratica clinica con il riluzolo anche se con vantaggi limitati. La possibilità di ricavare cellule pluripotenti indotte (hiPSC) e di differenziarle in motoneuroni dà la possibilità di eseguire studi funzionali, indagare nuovi meccanismi e in prospettiva allestire uno screening farmacologico. Abbiamo raccolto biopsie da più di 50 soggetti con diagnosi di SLA e riprogrammato utilizzando Sendai virus i fibroblasti di 3 soggetti portatori di mutazioni genetiche in SOD1, 3 in TARDBP e 2 in C9orf72-TARDBP, gli ultimi due soggetti erano portatori della stessa mutazione ma discordanti per la malattia. Siamo stati in grado di espandere cloni hiPSC da 8 soggetti SLA e 3 sani con un tasso di successo che va dall’ 1 al 20%. Abbiamo caratterizzato 3 cloni per linea SLA (FACS, RT-PCR, IF, formazione EB). Abbiamo confrontato 4 protocolli per il differenziamento di cellule pluripotenti in motoneuroni e ottenuto la migliore riproducibilità in linee di controllo usando la strategia di Du et al. (Nat Commun 2015). La caratterizzazione funzionale dei motoneuroni è stata eseguita mediante IF, infezione HB9-LV, WB, qRT-PCR, elettrofisiologia e co-coltura con cellule muscolari satelliti murine o con la linea immortalizzata C2C12. Abbiamo differenziato un clone per ogni linea di SLA in motoneuroni e valutato le differenze tra controlli sani e pazienti in termini di caratteristiche morfologiche, capacità di generare potenziali d’azione e danni nella proteostasi a causa delle mutazioni in SOD1 o TDP43.
Caratterizzazione di motoneuroni derivati da cellule pluripotenti indotte di soggetti sani e affetti da sclerosi laterale amiotrofica.
ZOPPETTI, FABRIZIA
2015/2016
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative progressive disease characterized by degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons (MN). The most common clinical manifestation of the disease is muscular weakness that usually ends into respiratory failure. ALS presents familiar (10%) and sporadic (90%) cases that share several biochemical processes (oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, immune system abnormalities, excitotoxicity). Glutamate toxicity is currently modulated in the clinical practice with riluzole although with limited benefits. The possibility to derive patient specific human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSC) and to differentiate them toward MNs gives the opportunity to perform functional studies, interrogate new mechanisms and in perspective set up drug screening. We harvested biopsies from more than 50 subjects with a diagnosis of ALS and reprogrammed fibroblasts of 3 subjects carrying genetic mutations in SOD1, 3 in TARDBP and 2 in C9Orf72-TARDBP disease-discordant familiar carriers using non-integrating Sendai viral vectors. We have been able to expand hiPSC clones from 8 ALS and 3 HC subjects with a success rate ranging from 1 to 20%. We characterized 3 clones per ALS line (FACS, RT-PCR, IF, EB formation). We compared 4 protocols to differentiate PSCs into MNs and obtained best reproducibility in control lines using the strategy in Du et al. (Nat Commun 2015). MNs functional characterization has been performed by IF, HB9-LV infection, WB, qRT-PCR, electrophysiology and co-culture with murine satellite cells or immortalized mouse muscle C2C12. We differentiated one clone of each ALS line in MNs and evaluated differences between HCs and patients in terms of morphological features, firing and proteostasis impairment due to mutation in SOD1 and TDP43.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/18780