The thesis discusses aspects of toxicology perinatal, going to explore the problems of those women who although intend to complete a state of pregnancy are "forced" to take medication due to diseases such as malaria or infections by retroviruses (HIV). Moreover, the thesis wants to treat issues related to well-known teratogenic drugs, such as thalidomide, and the possible adverse effects that can meet the offspring of mothers subject to an addiction to alcohol or tobacco. So it will be examined the subject of toxicology mitochondrial, considering this as the main target cell organelle that can be affected by endogenous and exogenous toxic agents (drugs, drugs of abuse). It has been hypothesized that the mitochondrial toxicity may be involved in obstetric outcome, abnormal fetal development and consequent impairment of the health of the newborn due to intrauterine exposure. The study this particular sector is very difficult, as it is not possible to carry out experiments on pregnant women. We must therefore take into account the mechanisms of action and the target of these drugs and substances of abuse, and narrow to the observation of the adverse effects that may occur (as in the case of thalidomide or alcohol abuse), while performing animals experiments that provide a kind of guideline for the action of the drug on the human fetus, are not an absolute index.
La tesi tratta gli aspetti della tossicologia perinatale, andando ad esplorare le problematiche di quelle donne che pur intendendo condurre a termine uno stato di gravidanza sono “costrette” ad assumere medicinali a causa di malattie quali, ad esempio, la malaria o le infezioni da retrovirus (HIV). Inoltre, la tesi vuole trattare le problematiche legate a farmaci teratogeni ben conosciuti, come la talidomide, e i possibili effetti avversi a cui può andare incontro la prole di madri soggette a una dipendenza da alcol o tabacco. Quindi sarà approfondito l’argomento della tossicologia mitocondriale, considerando questo organulo cellulare come il bersaglio principale che può essere colpito da agenti tossici endogeni ed esogeni (medicinali, sostanze di abuso). È stato ipotizzato infatti che la tossicità mitocondriale possa essere coinvolta in esiti ostetrici sfavorevoli, anomalo sviluppo fetale e conseguente compromissione della salute del neonato a causa dell’esposizione intrauterina. Lo studio in questo particolare campo si rileva ostico in quanto non è possibile attuare sperimentazioni su donne in stato di gravidanza. Bisogna quindi tener conto dei meccanismi d’azione e del bersaglio di queste sostanze medicinali e d’abuso, e limitarsi all'osservazione degli effetti avversi che si potrebbero verificare (come nel caso della talidomide o l’abuso di alcol), mentre eseguire sperimentazioni animali che forniscano una specie di linea guida per l’azione del farmaco sul feto umano, non rappresentano un indice assoluto.
Aspetti della tossicologia perinatale
FRANCO, ADELE
2013/2014
Abstract
The thesis discusses aspects of toxicology perinatal, going to explore the problems of those women who although intend to complete a state of pregnancy are "forced" to take medication due to diseases such as malaria or infections by retroviruses (HIV). Moreover, the thesis wants to treat issues related to well-known teratogenic drugs, such as thalidomide, and the possible adverse effects that can meet the offspring of mothers subject to an addiction to alcohol or tobacco. So it will be examined the subject of toxicology mitochondrial, considering this as the main target cell organelle that can be affected by endogenous and exogenous toxic agents (drugs, drugs of abuse). It has been hypothesized that the mitochondrial toxicity may be involved in obstetric outcome, abnormal fetal development and consequent impairment of the health of the newborn due to intrauterine exposure. The study this particular sector is very difficult, as it is not possible to carry out experiments on pregnant women. We must therefore take into account the mechanisms of action and the target of these drugs and substances of abuse, and narrow to the observation of the adverse effects that may occur (as in the case of thalidomide or alcohol abuse), while performing animals experiments that provide a kind of guideline for the action of the drug on the human fetus, are not an absolute index.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/20580