The thesis work is based on the ability of six different fabrics (cotton, linen, elastane / polyamide, polyester, silk and viscose) to retain inorganic shot fabrics on their surface or within their own armor. The fabrics were sampled at two different shooting distances, with traditional full metal jacket bullets, at 10 cm and at 40 cm. Under each tissue was placed filter paper in order to observe the concentration in µg/cm2 of the GSR passed through the fabric structure. As a first study, the characterization of tissues using optical microscopy was carried out to obtain more information on their structure. They were weighed with an analytical scale and the thicknesses measured with a micrometer. For the ability to retain fabrics were taken into consideration the metallic elements of the primer (Sb, Pb and Ba) and those deriving from the brass covering the bullet, Cu and Zn. The concentrations found on tissues and related filter papers were obtained by ICP-OES analysis, from which it was possible to observe a trend in the ability to retain these metals by the analyzed tissues. The tissue that retains GSR better was found to be elastam/polyamide both at 10 cm and at 40 cm, as observed in ICP-OES and also confirmed in the ion chromatography analysis of nitrites and nitrates, deriving from the nitrocellulose contained in the cartridge. A morphological and compositional analysis was performed at the SEM / EDS for the shot particles found on elastane and viscose and the related filter papers. The choice fell on these two tissues due to the similar structural characteristics observed in optical microscopy, but they have different ability to retain the metallic elements of the cartridge being fired. Finally, an analysis of the 10 cm cotton sample with XRF was performed to observe the distribution maps of the metals analyzed in ICP-OES.
Il lavoro di tesi si basa sulla capacità di sei differenti tessuti (cotone, lino, elastam/poliammide, poliestere, seta e viscosa) di trattenere residui di sparo inorganici sulla propria superficie o all’interno della propria armatura. I tessuti sono stati campionati a due diverse distanze di sparo, con proiettili tradizionali full metal jacket, a 10 cm e a 40 cm. Sotto ogni tessuto è stata posta della carta da filtro al fine di osservare la concentrazione in µg/cm2 dei GSR passata attraverso la struttura del tessuto. Come primo studio è stata effettuata la caratterizzazione dei tessuti in microscopia ottica per avere maggiori informazioni sulla loro struttura. Sono stati pesati con una bilancia analitica e misurati gli spessori con un micrometro. Per la capacità di trattenere tessuti sono stati presi in considerazione gli elementi metallici del primer (Sb, Pb e Ba) e quelli derivanti dall’ottone ricoprente il proiettile, Cu e Zn. Le concentrazioni trovate su tessuti e relative carte da filtro sono state ottenute tramite analisi ICP-OES, dalla quale è stata possibile ricavare un trend nelle capacità di trattenere questi metalli da parte dei tessuti analizzati. Il tessuto che meglio trattiene GSR è risultato essere elastam/poliammide sia a 10 cm che a 40 cm, come osservato in ICP-OES e confermato anche nell’analisi in cromatografia ionica di nitriti e nitrati, derivanti dalla nitrocellulosa contenuta della cartuccia. Un’analisi morfologica e composizionale è stata eseguita al SEM/EDS per le particelle di sparo ritrovate su elastam e viscosa e le relative carte da filtro. La scelta è ricaduta su questi due tessuti per le simili caratteristiche strutturali osservate in microscopia ottica, ma differente capacità di trattenere gli elementi metallici della cartuccia sparata. Infine è stata eseguita l’analisi del campione di cotone a 10 cm con XRF per osservare le mappe di distribuzione dei metalli analizzati in ICP-OES.
Analisi e caratterizzazione di differenti tessuti in merito alla capacità di trattenere i residui inorganici dello sparo (GSR)
ALBERINI, GIANLUCA
2018/2019
Abstract
The thesis work is based on the ability of six different fabrics (cotton, linen, elastane / polyamide, polyester, silk and viscose) to retain inorganic shot fabrics on their surface or within their own armor. The fabrics were sampled at two different shooting distances, with traditional full metal jacket bullets, at 10 cm and at 40 cm. Under each tissue was placed filter paper in order to observe the concentration in µg/cm2 of the GSR passed through the fabric structure. As a first study, the characterization of tissues using optical microscopy was carried out to obtain more information on their structure. They were weighed with an analytical scale and the thicknesses measured with a micrometer. For the ability to retain fabrics were taken into consideration the metallic elements of the primer (Sb, Pb and Ba) and those deriving from the brass covering the bullet, Cu and Zn. The concentrations found on tissues and related filter papers were obtained by ICP-OES analysis, from which it was possible to observe a trend in the ability to retain these metals by the analyzed tissues. The tissue that retains GSR better was found to be elastam/polyamide both at 10 cm and at 40 cm, as observed in ICP-OES and also confirmed in the ion chromatography analysis of nitrites and nitrates, deriving from the nitrocellulose contained in the cartridge. A morphological and compositional analysis was performed at the SEM / EDS for the shot particles found on elastane and viscose and the related filter papers. The choice fell on these two tissues due to the similar structural characteristics observed in optical microscopy, but they have different ability to retain the metallic elements of the cartridge being fired. Finally, an analysis of the 10 cm cotton sample with XRF was performed to observe the distribution maps of the metals analyzed in ICP-OES.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/20915