Students represent one of the most sensitive categories to the indoor air quality of educational buildings as they spend there a lot of their time. Indoor environmental conditions also greatly influence student productivity and learning performances, but Literature reviews mainly examine the effects of single parameters on human comfort, lacking in evaluation of global comfort. The aim of this thesis is to propose an index for the evaluation of the environmental comfort considering thermal, acoustic, and lighting conditions. Six classrooms in the Department of Engineering of the University of Pavia were investigated with both objective and subjective analysis; the classrooms were selected, according to the availability of the teachers, with different volumes, architectural typologies, window surfaces and number of attending students in order to provide a significant variety of examples. Measurements of the main objective parameters of thermal, acoustical, and lightning environment were also carried out during two experimental campaigns in May 2017 and March 2018. Subjective analysis were at the same time carried out through survey questionnaires purposely elaborated and organized in four sections (thermo-hygrometric, acoustic, visual and global comfort) ; only the questions with the best correlation between answers and measurements were selected. A total number of 402 questionnaires were collected, from a minimum of 14 to a maximum of 158 per classroom. Three single indexes were proposed basing on the strongest correlation between questionnaire’s answer and experimental results: a Predicted Mean Vote Index for the thermo-hygrometric conditions, a Sound Index for the acoustic comfort, and a Visual Index for the lighting conditions. All the indexes are dimensionless and normalized in a 0-1 range: values next to 1 indicate good comfort conditions and values next to 0 indicate bad comfort conditions. On the basis of different weights given for the three aspects, the final global index was calculated for each classroom. Finally, in the last chapter, a solution to improve thermal, acoustical and visual comfort is proposed, according to the new adaptive approach.
Gli studenti costituiscono una delle categorie maggiormente sensibili alla qualità dell’aria interna degli spazi educativi poiché vi trascorrono buona parte del loro tempo. Le condizioni ambientali interne inoltre influenzano fortemente la produttività degli alunni ed il loro apprendimento. Tuttavia i contributi esistenti in letteratura analizzano principalmente gli effetti di singoli parametri sul comfort umano, senza una valutazione del comfort globale. Lo scopo di questa tesi è pertanto di proporre un indice per la valutazione del comfort ambientale, considerando condizioni termiche, acustiche ed illuminotecniche. Sei aule della Facoltà di Ingegneria dell’Università di Pavia sono state analizzate tramite valutazioni oggettive e soggettive - le classi sono state selezionate, in accordo con la disponibilità degli insegnanti, al fine di avere differenti volumi, tipologie architettoniche, superfici vetrate e capienza, in modo da costituire esempi significativi. Nei mesi di Maggio 2017 e Marzo 2018 sono state condotte due campagne di misura sperimentale che hanno portato alla raccolta di dati sui principali parametri oggettivi dell’ambiente termico, acustico ed illuminotecnico. Contemporaneamente sono state effettuate analisi soggettive tramite l’uso di questionari appositamente elaborati ed organizzati in quattro sezioni (comfort termo-igrometrico, acustico, visivo e globale); sono state selezionate solo le domande con la migliore correlazione tra risposte e dati oggettivi. Sono stati raccolti un totale di 402 questionari, variabili per aula tra un minimo di 14 ed un massimo di 158. Sono quindi stati proposti tre indici parziali basati sulla maggior correlazione tra le risposte ai questionari ed i risultati sperimentali - un Indice del Voto Medio Previsto per le condizioni termo-igrometriche, un Indice del Suono per il comfort acustico ed un Indice Visivo per le condizioni illuminotecniche. Tutti gli indici sono adimensionali e normalizzati in scala 0-1 - valori prossimi ad 1 indicano buone condizioni di comfort mentre valori prossimi a 0 indicano cattive condizioni di comfort. Sulla base dei differenti pesi attribuiti ai tre aspetti, per ogni classe è quindi stato calcolato l’Indice di Comfort Globale. Nell’ultimo capitolo, infine, viene proposta una soluzione progettuale finalizzata al miglioramento delle condizioni di comfort termico, acustico ed illuminotecnico, in accordo con la recente teoria adattiva.
PROPOSTA DI UN NUOVO INDICE PER LA VALUTAZIONE DEL COMFORT GLOBALE NELLE CLASSI UNIVERSITARIE
OBERTI, SILVIA
2016/2017
Abstract
Students represent one of the most sensitive categories to the indoor air quality of educational buildings as they spend there a lot of their time. Indoor environmental conditions also greatly influence student productivity and learning performances, but Literature reviews mainly examine the effects of single parameters on human comfort, lacking in evaluation of global comfort. The aim of this thesis is to propose an index for the evaluation of the environmental comfort considering thermal, acoustic, and lighting conditions. Six classrooms in the Department of Engineering of the University of Pavia were investigated with both objective and subjective analysis; the classrooms were selected, according to the availability of the teachers, with different volumes, architectural typologies, window surfaces and number of attending students in order to provide a significant variety of examples. Measurements of the main objective parameters of thermal, acoustical, and lightning environment were also carried out during two experimental campaigns in May 2017 and March 2018. Subjective analysis were at the same time carried out through survey questionnaires purposely elaborated and organized in four sections (thermo-hygrometric, acoustic, visual and global comfort) ; only the questions with the best correlation between answers and measurements were selected. A total number of 402 questionnaires were collected, from a minimum of 14 to a maximum of 158 per classroom. Three single indexes were proposed basing on the strongest correlation between questionnaire’s answer and experimental results: a Predicted Mean Vote Index for the thermo-hygrometric conditions, a Sound Index for the acoustic comfort, and a Visual Index for the lighting conditions. All the indexes are dimensionless and normalized in a 0-1 range: values next to 1 indicate good comfort conditions and values next to 0 indicate bad comfort conditions. On the basis of different weights given for the three aspects, the final global index was calculated for each classroom. Finally, in the last chapter, a solution to improve thermal, acoustical and visual comfort is proposed, according to the new adaptive approach.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/22007