Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) belongs to the Punicaceae family; it is a woody dicotyledon plant that it is part of the flowering plants. This is a very ancient edible plant, hailing from central Asia,but it is very widespread in a large part of the Earth, since it simply adapts to the different climate conditions. In Ethnobotanical, this plant can be used for many things and his parts as (roots,cortex, fruit,flowers and leaves) demonstrate a very interesting pharmacological activity. In particular, it is analyzed the fruit with its arils, seeds and pericarp that have numerous active compounds as organic acidic, sugars, polyphenol, acidic fats, tocopherols, sterols, isoflavones, alkaloids, etc. The Phytochemical fruit composition changes depending on the cultivar exemplar and on climate conditions in which the plant grows, due to its degree of ripeness during the harvest. To use pomegranate chemical compounds, it is necessary its extraction and its identification. This happens through UHPLC and HPLC technique followed by spectrometry or with a diode array detector. The therapeutic application of this phyto-components basically occurs through the use of juice, oil and pomegranate extracts. The main study of Punica granatum is to underline its involvement in prevention field or in treatment of multifactorial and complex diseases as neoplasms, cardiovascular illnesses, and bacteriological infections. This treatment is possible both through monotherapy or as adjuvant of other medicines. In the last years, many studies have been conducted on the role that pomegranate has in the physiological mechanism on the base of diseases onset and to understand its chemical composition. By the way , today it is not possible to completely explain many mechanism of action , so it needs to carry out further researches that will bring to discover other interesting facts.
Il melograno (Punica granatum L.) appartiene alla famiglia delle Punicaceae, è una pianta dicotiledone legnosa che fa parte delle Angiosperme. Si tratta di una delle più antiche piante edibili, originaria dell'Asia centrale ma ampiamente diffusa in gran parte del globo poiché si adatta facilmente alle diverse condizioni climatiche. Punica granatum L. possiede un impiego etnobotanico significativo e le differenti parti della pianta (radici, corteccia, frutto, fiori e foglie) dimostrano un'attività farmacologica interessante. Nello specifico viene analizzato il frutto comprendente gli arilli, i semi e il pericarpo che risultano essere fonte di numerosi composti attivi come acidi organici, zuccheri, polifenoli, acidi grassi, tocoferoli, steroli, isoflavoni, alcaloidi ecc...La composizione fitochimica del frutto varia dipendentemente dal tipo di cultivar, dalle condizioni climatiche in cui cresce la pianta, dallo stadio di maturità al momento della raccolta. Per poter utilizzare i vari composti chimici presenti nel melograno è necessaria la loro estrazione ed il loro riconoscimento che avviene mediante la tecnica dell'UHPLC e dell'HPLC seguita o da spettrometria di massa o da un rivelatore a serie di diodi. L'applicazione terapeutica dei vari fitocomponenti avviene fondamentalmente attraverso l'impiego di tre comuni preparati: il succo, l'olio e gli estratti di melograno. Lo scopo primario dello studio di Punica granatum L. è quello di sottolineare la sua implicazione nella prevenzione o nel trattamento di patologie multifattoriali e complesse da trattare (neoplasie, malattie cardiovascolari, infezioni batteriche), sia attraverso la monoterapia sia come adiuvante di altri farmaci. Sono molti gli studi effettuati negli ultimi anni per comprendere la composizione chimica e il ruolo svolto dal melograno nei meccanismi fisiologici alla base dell'insorgenza di varie patologie. Tuttavia ancora molti meccanismi d'azione non sono stati compresi completamente e considerando l'importanza di quanto scoperto finora, è auspicabile che ulteriori ricerche conducano a dati altrettanto interessanti.
Punica granatum: evidenze scientifiche ed usi etnobotanici
FERRANTE, FEDERICA
2017/2018
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) belongs to the Punicaceae family; it is a woody dicotyledon plant that it is part of the flowering plants. This is a very ancient edible plant, hailing from central Asia,but it is very widespread in a large part of the Earth, since it simply adapts to the different climate conditions. In Ethnobotanical, this plant can be used for many things and his parts as (roots,cortex, fruit,flowers and leaves) demonstrate a very interesting pharmacological activity. In particular, it is analyzed the fruit with its arils, seeds and pericarp that have numerous active compounds as organic acidic, sugars, polyphenol, acidic fats, tocopherols, sterols, isoflavones, alkaloids, etc. The Phytochemical fruit composition changes depending on the cultivar exemplar and on climate conditions in which the plant grows, due to its degree of ripeness during the harvest. To use pomegranate chemical compounds, it is necessary its extraction and its identification. This happens through UHPLC and HPLC technique followed by spectrometry or with a diode array detector. The therapeutic application of this phyto-components basically occurs through the use of juice, oil and pomegranate extracts. The main study of Punica granatum is to underline its involvement in prevention field or in treatment of multifactorial and complex diseases as neoplasms, cardiovascular illnesses, and bacteriological infections. This treatment is possible both through monotherapy or as adjuvant of other medicines. In the last years, many studies have been conducted on the role that pomegranate has in the physiological mechanism on the base of diseases onset and to understand its chemical composition. By the way , today it is not possible to completely explain many mechanism of action , so it needs to carry out further researches that will bring to discover other interesting facts.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/23203