The aim of the paper is to demonstrate that child, early and forced marriage is still rooted within society, despite the progress and the various attempts to confront and oppose to this practice. Primarily, it was carried out an overview on the structure of this kind of wedding. They were analysed the characteristics and assisting factors affecting the presence of child, early and forced marriage. Subsequently, there was a report on international and regional legislation relating to this phenomenon, focusing on the countries of Southeast Asia and their relationship with human rights and fundamental freedoms. An important portion of the thesis was devoted to legislation, analysing in what manner different countries have decided to deal with or not child, early and forced marriage. Those who decided to oppose to the practice aligned themselves with international directives, abolished possible legislative loopholes and progressed in the criminalization of the practice. Consideration was given to the physical, psychological, and legal consequences for victims and to the fundamental role assigned to NGOs. In order to create greater clarity, China has been considered as an example of a country that is unable to comply with international directives; where existing legislation on the protection of women and children is not particularly effective, but above all inconclusive in undermining gender and sexual discrimination against female daughters. The increase in human trafficking rates and the growth in bride trafficking is a clear example.
L’obiettivo dell’elaborato è quello di dimostrare che i matrimoni precoci siano ancora radicati all’interno della società, nonostante i progressi ed i diversi tentativi di fronteggiare e contrastare tale pratica. Primariamente è stata svolta una panoramica sulla struttura di questa tipologia di matrimoni. Sono state analizzate le caratteristiche ed i fattori coadiuvanti che incidono sulla presenza dei matrimoni sopra citati. Successivamente si è svolto un resoconto sulla legislazione internazionale e regionale inerente a tale fenomeno, tenendo particolarmente in considerazione i paesi del Sud East Asiatico ed il rispettivo rapportarsi con i diritti umani e le libertà fondamentali. Una porzione importante della tesi è stata dedicata alla legislazione, analizzando in quale modo diversi paesi hanno deciso di affrontare o non affrontare i matrimoni precoci. Coloro che hanno deciso di contrastare i matrimoni precoci si sono allineati alle direttive internazionali, hanno abolito le possibili scappatoie legislative e hanno progredito nella criminalizzazione della pratica. Si sono prese in considerazione le conseguenze fisiche, psicologiche e legali sulle vittime ed il ruolo fondamentale assegnato alle ONG. Allo scopo di creare maggiore chiarezza è stata presa in considerazione la Cina per portare l’esempio di un paese che non è in grado di allinearsi alle direttive internazionali; in cui la legislazione esistente nella tutela di donne e bambini non risulta essere particolarmente efficace, ma soprattutto inconcludente nello scalfire la discriminazione di genere e sessuale contro le figlie femmine. L’aumento delle percentuali di traffico di esseri umani e l’incremento del traffico di spose è un chiaro esempio di quanto citato precedentemente.
Child, early and forced marriage: constraints and achievements. The case of China.
RUSSO CIARRO, ELISA
2021/2022
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to demonstrate that child, early and forced marriage is still rooted within society, despite the progress and the various attempts to confront and oppose to this practice. Primarily, it was carried out an overview on the structure of this kind of wedding. They were analysed the characteristics and assisting factors affecting the presence of child, early and forced marriage. Subsequently, there was a report on international and regional legislation relating to this phenomenon, focusing on the countries of Southeast Asia and their relationship with human rights and fundamental freedoms. An important portion of the thesis was devoted to legislation, analysing in what manner different countries have decided to deal with or not child, early and forced marriage. Those who decided to oppose to the practice aligned themselves with international directives, abolished possible legislative loopholes and progressed in the criminalization of the practice. Consideration was given to the physical, psychological, and legal consequences for victims and to the fundamental role assigned to NGOs. In order to create greater clarity, China has been considered as an example of a country that is unable to comply with international directives; where existing legislation on the protection of women and children is not particularly effective, but above all inconclusive in undermining gender and sexual discrimination against female daughters. The increase in human trafficking rates and the growth in bride trafficking is a clear example.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/2323