In the last few years the progress of science has made it possible to obtain new treatments for diseases that were once impossible to think of to cure. The presence of drugs with a very large therapeutic power also implies equally relevant side effects. This is the main reason why new methods are used to limit the side effects of drugs as much as possible, maximizing the therapeutic effect. The discovery of new materials such as the halloysite nanotubes allowed us to understand how it can be used to modify the speed of action of a drug and to direct its release site. The halloysite is a clay mineral with a similar structure to kaolinite, and with characteristics that make it ideal for pharmaceutical use, it is in fact inexpensive, stable, inert and available in nature. The active substance can interact with the halloysite through adsorption, intercalation and tubular entrapment. Through various experiments it has been observed how the halloysite is able to increase the solubility in water of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen and sodium diclofenac. Further studies have focused on the encapsulation in nanotubes of gene therapeutic agents, used in the genetic treatment of diseases, including tumors, and on the use of the nanotubes themselves as "scaffolding" in tissue engineering. In addition to its use in the purely pharmacological field, the use of halloysite has also been studied in cosmetics, as a coating to protect hair. The studies conducted testify that the possible marketing of new drugs, containing halloysite, can bring considerable advantages and therefore it is essential to continue to study its application in drug carriers and drug delivery.
Negli ultimi anni il progresso della scienza ha permesso di ottenere nuove cure di patologie che un tempo era impossibile pensare di curare. La presenza di farmaci con un potere terapeutico molto grande implica però in alcuni casi anche effetti collaterali altrettanto rilevanti. Questo è il motivo principale per cui si ricorre allo studio di nuove metodologie che possano permettere di limitare il più possibile gli effetti collaterali dei farmaci, massimizzando l'effetto terapeutico. La scoperta di nuovi materiali come i nanotubi di halloysite ha permesso di comprendere come sia possibile impiegarne l'utilizzo per modificare la velocità di azione di un farmaco e per indirizzarne il sito di rilascio. L'halloysite è un minerale argilloso con struttura simile alla caolinite, e con caratteristiche che la rendono ideale per l'utilizzo farmaceutico, essa è infatti poco costosa, stabile, inerte e disponibile in natura. I principi attivi possono interagire con l'halloysite attraverso l'adsorbimento, l'intercalazione e l'intrappolamento tubolare. Attraverso vari esperimenti si è osservato come l'halloysite riesca ad aumentare la solubilità in acqua di farmaci analgesici e antinfiammatori come l'aspirina, l'ibuprofene e il diclofenac sodico. Ulteriori studi si sono concentrati sull'incapsulamento nei nanotubi di agenti terapeutici genici, usati nel trattamento genico delle malattie, inclusi i tumori, e sull'utilizzo dei nanotubi stessi come impalcatura nell'ingegneria tissutale. Oltre all'utilizzo in campo prettamente farmacologico si è studiato anche l'impiego di halloysite in campo cosmetico, come rivestimento per proteggere i capelli. Gli studi condotti testimoniano che l'eventuale inserimento in commercio di nuovi farmaci che contengono halloysite possono apportare vantaggi non indifferenti e perciò risulta fondamentale continuare a studiarne l'applicazione in drug carrier e drug delivery.
Nanotubi di halloysite per il trasporto e il rilascio controllato di principi attivi
YOSEF, GIULIA GIN
2018/2019
Abstract
In the last few years the progress of science has made it possible to obtain new treatments for diseases that were once impossible to think of to cure. The presence of drugs with a very large therapeutic power also implies equally relevant side effects. This is the main reason why new methods are used to limit the side effects of drugs as much as possible, maximizing the therapeutic effect. The discovery of new materials such as the halloysite nanotubes allowed us to understand how it can be used to modify the speed of action of a drug and to direct its release site. The halloysite is a clay mineral with a similar structure to kaolinite, and with characteristics that make it ideal for pharmaceutical use, it is in fact inexpensive, stable, inert and available in nature. The active substance can interact with the halloysite through adsorption, intercalation and tubular entrapment. Through various experiments it has been observed how the halloysite is able to increase the solubility in water of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen and sodium diclofenac. Further studies have focused on the encapsulation in nanotubes of gene therapeutic agents, used in the genetic treatment of diseases, including tumors, and on the use of the nanotubes themselves as "scaffolding" in tissue engineering. In addition to its use in the purely pharmacological field, the use of halloysite has also been studied in cosmetics, as a coating to protect hair. The studies conducted testify that the possible marketing of new drugs, containing halloysite, can bring considerable advantages and therefore it is essential to continue to study its application in drug carriers and drug delivery.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
Per maggiori informazioni e per verifiche sull'eventuale disponibilità del file scrivere a: unitesi@unipv.it.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/25016