The document allows us to reflect on the evolution of relations between the Church and the Mafia throughout history; from the period of silence and denial to the first difficult stances of the clergy in the face of organised crime. In 2014 came the formal pronouncement of the excommunication of mafiosi by Pope Francis, constituting the first real word spoken by the Church of Rome on the irreligiousness of mafiosi. However, cases of intermingling between clerics and "men of honour" cannot yet be said to have been completely eliminated from the scene. This is followed by a discussion of the protection of religious freedom in Italy, which was substantially compressed during the twenty-year fascist period and constitutionally guaranteed by Articles 7, 8 and 19 of the Constitution that came into force in 1948. European and international norms dedicated to the theme of religious freedom are then analysed. The essay concludes with a chapter dedicated to the Mafia's interference in the religious processions of southern Italy, which become the moment in which to flaunt their social role and power over the weak and oppressed people. Sacred and profane intertwine in patronal festivals that even see the statues of saints bowing before the "bosses". In recent years, individual dioceses have issued a series of measures to free religious ceremonies from infiltration by the underworld and also to prevent the public funerals of deceased bosses from becoming a moment to increase "devotion" and esteem for their criminal activity. Much still needs to be done by civil and ecclesiastical authorities and individual citizens to free themselves from the mafia culture.
L'elaborato permette una riflessione sull'evoluzione dei rapporti fra Chiesa e mafia nel corso della storia; dal periodo del silenzio e della negazione alle prime difficili prese di posizione del clero di fronte alla criminalità organizzata. Nel 2014 si arriva alla formale pronuncia della scomunica dei mafiosi da parte di Papa Francesco costituente la prima vera parola pronunciata dalla Chiesa di Roma sulla irreligiosità dei mafiosi. Ciononostante i casi di commistione fra religiosi e uomini d'onore non possono dirsi ancora del tutto eliminati dalla scena. Si prosegue con la trattazione della tutela della libertà religiosa in Italia, sostanzialmente compressa nel ventennio fascista e costituzionalmente garantita agli articoli 7, 8 e 19 della Costituzione entrata in vigore nel 1948. Vengono successivamente analizzate le norme europee ed internazionali dedicate al tema della libertà di religione. Lo scritto si conclude con il capitolo dedicato all'ingerenza della mafia nelle processioni religiose del sud Italia che diventano il momento in cui ostentare il proprio ruolo sociale e la propria potenza sul popolo debole ed oppresso. Sacro e profano si intrecciano in feste patronali che vedono addirittura "piegare" la statua di santi al cospetto dei boss. In anni recenti le singole diocesi hanno emanato una serie di provvedimenti per liberare le cerimonie religiose dalle infiltrazioni dei malavitosi e anche per evitare che i funerali pubblici dei boss deceduti potessero diventare un momento in cui alimentare la "devozione" e la stima verso la loro attività criminale. Molto si può e si deve ancora fare da parte delle autorità civili, ecclesiastiche e dei singoli cittadini per liberarsi dalla cultura mafiosa.
Chiesa e mafia con particolare riguardo ai problemi della libertà religiosa.
SENNA, CLARISSA
2023/2024
Abstract
The document allows us to reflect on the evolution of relations between the Church and the Mafia throughout history; from the period of silence and denial to the first difficult stances of the clergy in the face of organised crime. In 2014 came the formal pronouncement of the excommunication of mafiosi by Pope Francis, constituting the first real word spoken by the Church of Rome on the irreligiousness of mafiosi. However, cases of intermingling between clerics and "men of honour" cannot yet be said to have been completely eliminated from the scene. This is followed by a discussion of the protection of religious freedom in Italy, which was substantially compressed during the twenty-year fascist period and constitutionally guaranteed by Articles 7, 8 and 19 of the Constitution that came into force in 1948. European and international norms dedicated to the theme of religious freedom are then analysed. The essay concludes with a chapter dedicated to the Mafia's interference in the religious processions of southern Italy, which become the moment in which to flaunt their social role and power over the weak and oppressed people. Sacred and profane intertwine in patronal festivals that even see the statues of saints bowing before the "bosses". In recent years, individual dioceses have issued a series of measures to free religious ceremonies from infiltration by the underworld and also to prevent the public funerals of deceased bosses from becoming a moment to increase "devotion" and esteem for their criminal activity. Much still needs to be done by civil and ecclesiastical authorities and individual citizens to free themselves from the mafia culture.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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TESI Senna Clarissa.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/26042