This thesis pertains to the field of Greek History and specifically concerns the study of the Chalcidian community during the 5th century BC. This people was characterized by a federal political organization, which developed especially from the 4th century BC; however, in the works of Herodotus and Thucydides, there are references that lead us to hypothesize the first attempts at creating a federal state already in the previous century. As a consequence, in order to understand the political structure and the degree of urbanization of the Chalcidians during the 5th century BC, we conducted a search for all the toponyms of the Chalcidic peninsula and some areas of Macedonia and Thrace within the works of the two main historians of the period. We then classified the passages within the Appendix’s tables. The reason why we extended our research to the regions adjacent to the Chalcidic peninsula is due to the fact that the peoples settled in those areas exerted a significant influence on the Chalcidians themselves and their political decisions. The textual corpus represents the main core of our thesis, and the results of the research are presented in the first chapter. In the second chapter, on the other hand, we examined two very relevant episodes for Chalcidian history, reported by Herodotus and Thucydides: the transfer of Olynthus from the Bottiaians to the Chalcidians (479 BC) and the synoecism of the same city (432 BC). In conclusion, on the base of the references detected in Herodotus and Thucydides, we can affirm that the Chalcidians, during the most significant events of the 5th century (namely the Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War), tended to act as a unified entity on the political-diplomatic and military level. Moreover, the research allowed us to achieve an additional aim, which is to capture how much the mentality of southern Greeks – and especially Athenians – influenced the representation of the northern territories: in this regard, the vicissitudes of the polis of Amphipolis, an Athenian colony founded in 437 BC, had a remarkable impact.
Questa tesi di laurea pertiene all’ambito della Storia Greca e riguarda, nello specifico, lo studio della comunità dei Calcidesi nel corso del V secolo a.C. Tale popolo si caratterizzò per un’organizzazione politica di tipo federale, sviluppatasi soprattutto a partire dal IV secolo a.C.; nei testi di Erodoto e Tucidide, tuttavia, ci sono dei riferimenti che ci inducono a ipotizzare i primi tentativi di creazione di uno Stato federale già nel corso del secolo precedente. Per comprendere, quindi, quale fosse l’articolazione politica dei Calcidesi e il loro livello di urbanizzazione nel V sec. a.C., abbiamo effettuato una ricerca di tutti i toponimi della penisola Calcidica e di alcune zone della Macedonia e della Tracia all’interno delle opere dei due principali storici del periodo. Poi abbiamo classificato i passi all’interno delle tabelle che sono contenute nell’Appendice della Tesi. Il motivo per cui abbiamo esteso la ricerca alle regioni confinanti con la Calcidica risiede nel fatto che i popoli stanziati in quei luoghi esercitarono un’importante influenza sui Calcidesi stessi e sulle loro decisioni politiche. Il corpus di loci testuali costituisce il fulcro principale del lavoro e i risultati della ricerca sono esposti nel primo capitolo. Nel secondo, invece, abbiamo approfondito alcuni episodi, raccontati da Erodoto e Tucidide, di grande rilevanza per la storia calcidese: il passaggio di Olinto dai Bottiei ai Calcidesi (479 a.C.) e il sinecismo della stessa città (432 a.C.). In conclusione, sulla base dei riferimenti registrati in Erodoto e Tucidide, possiamo affermare che i Calcidesi, nel corso degli eventi più gravi del V secolo (cioè le guerre persiane e la guerra del Peloponneso) agivano tendenzialmente in modo unitario sul piano politico-diplomatico e militare. Inoltre, il lavoro ci ha permesso di raggiungere anche un ulteriore obiettivo di ricerca, ovvero cogliere quanto la mentalità dei Greci di area meridionale – e soprattutto ateniese – incidesse sulla rappresentazione dei territori dell’area settentrionale: su questo ebbero un peso determinante le vicissitudini della polis di Anfipoli, colonia ateniese fondata nel 437 a.C.
I Calcidesi e l'area traco-calcidica in Erodoto e in Tucidide
BERTA, ALESSANDRA
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis pertains to the field of Greek History and specifically concerns the study of the Chalcidian community during the 5th century BC. This people was characterized by a federal political organization, which developed especially from the 4th century BC; however, in the works of Herodotus and Thucydides, there are references that lead us to hypothesize the first attempts at creating a federal state already in the previous century. As a consequence, in order to understand the political structure and the degree of urbanization of the Chalcidians during the 5th century BC, we conducted a search for all the toponyms of the Chalcidic peninsula and some areas of Macedonia and Thrace within the works of the two main historians of the period. We then classified the passages within the Appendix’s tables. The reason why we extended our research to the regions adjacent to the Chalcidic peninsula is due to the fact that the peoples settled in those areas exerted a significant influence on the Chalcidians themselves and their political decisions. The textual corpus represents the main core of our thesis, and the results of the research are presented in the first chapter. In the second chapter, on the other hand, we examined two very relevant episodes for Chalcidian history, reported by Herodotus and Thucydides: the transfer of Olynthus from the Bottiaians to the Chalcidians (479 BC) and the synoecism of the same city (432 BC). In conclusion, on the base of the references detected in Herodotus and Thucydides, we can affirm that the Chalcidians, during the most significant events of the 5th century (namely the Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War), tended to act as a unified entity on the political-diplomatic and military level. Moreover, the research allowed us to achieve an additional aim, which is to capture how much the mentality of southern Greeks – and especially Athenians – influenced the representation of the northern territories: in this regard, the vicissitudes of the polis of Amphipolis, an Athenian colony founded in 437 BC, had a remarkable impact.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/26128