Mental representations of the body are generally defined as those cognitive structures involved in encoding and tracking the state of one's body. These are the basis of a very wide variety of phenomena connected to our mental life and, in accordance with the literature, have a flexible and multicomponential character. The present study investigates the veracity of a recent Bayesian model in cognitive neuroscience, which hypothesizes that it is possible to increase the flexibility of visuo-proprioceptive representations of the body by means of a top-down contextual modulation of sensory processes. Starting from this model, the following experimental question was formulated: if what was proposed was possible, by inducing a visuo-motor adaptation first, through prismatic adaptation (PA), and immediately carrying out the Rubber Hand illusion (RHI) procedure, a stronger than normal effect of the illusion should be observed. In order to verify this hypothesis, a 2 by 2 research design was used and 18 healthy subjects were recruited and subjected to 4 experimental sessions which involved a different combination of the conditions of PA, optical prisms or control lenses, and RHI, synchronous or asynchronous. In particular, the hypothesis predicted that following a visuomotor adaptation induced through the use of right-oriented optical prisms, the subject would show a significantly stronger effect due to the Rubber Hand illusion, quantified in terms of proprioceptive drift. than that recorded in the condition in which, during adaptation, the subject wore control lenses. The results obtained go in the direction of the hypothesis: a greater proprioceptive drift was detected in the condition in which the participants had previously carried out the adaptation procedure with prisms oriented to the right compared to those detected after the use of control lenses. However, the results, which are controversial in some respects, open up a series of new questions and alternative hypotheses to explore.
Le rappresentazioni mentali del corpo vengono generalmente definite come quelle strutture cognitive implicate nella codifica e nel tracciamento dello stato del proprio corpo. Queste, sono alla base di un’ampissima varietà di fenomeni connessi alla nostra vita mentale e, in accordo con la letteratura, hanno un carattere flessibile e multicomponenziale. Il presente studio va a indagare la veridicità di un recente modello Bayesiano delle neuroscienze cognitive, il quale ipotizza che sia possibile aumentare la flessibilità delle rappresentazioni visuo-propriocettive del corpo per mezzo di una modulazione contestuale top-down dei processi sensoriali. A partire da tale modello è stato formulato il seguente quesito sperimentale: se fosse possibile quanto proposto, inducendo un adattamento visuo-motorio prima, attraverso l’adattamento prismatico (PA), ed eseguendo immediatamente dopo la procedura di Rubber Hand illusion (RHI), si dovrebbe osservare un effetto dell’illusione più forte del normale. Allo scopo di verificare tale ipotesi è stato adoperato un disegno di ricerca 2 per 2 e sono stati reclutati 18 soggetti sani, sottoposti a 4 sessioni sperimentali che prevedevano una diversa combinazione delle condizioni di PA, prismi ottici o lenti di controllo, e RHI, sincrona o asincrona. In particolare, l’ipotesi prevedeva che a seguito di un adattamento visuo-motorio indotto attraverso l’uso di prismi ottici orientati a destra, il soggetto avrebbe mostrato un effetto dovuto alla Rubber Hand illusion, quantificato in termini di drift propriocettivo, significativamente più forte di quello registrato nella condizione nella quale, durante l’adattamento, il soggetto indossava lenti di controllo. I risultati ottenuti vanno nella direzione dell’ipotesi: è stato rilevato un drift propriocettivo maggiore nella condizione in cui i partecipanti avevano precedentemente effettuato la procedura di adattamento con prismi orientati a destra rispetto a quelli rilevati dopo l’uso di lenti di controllo. Tuttavia, i risultati, per alcuni aspetti controversi, aprono a una serie di nuovi quesiti e ipotesi alternative da esplorare.
L'attenuazione della precisione propriocettiva attraverso la combinazione della Rubber Hand illusion e dell'Adattamento prismatico.
GRAZIANO, LAURA
2023/2024
Abstract
Mental representations of the body are generally defined as those cognitive structures involved in encoding and tracking the state of one's body. These are the basis of a very wide variety of phenomena connected to our mental life and, in accordance with the literature, have a flexible and multicomponential character. The present study investigates the veracity of a recent Bayesian model in cognitive neuroscience, which hypothesizes that it is possible to increase the flexibility of visuo-proprioceptive representations of the body by means of a top-down contextual modulation of sensory processes. Starting from this model, the following experimental question was formulated: if what was proposed was possible, by inducing a visuo-motor adaptation first, through prismatic adaptation (PA), and immediately carrying out the Rubber Hand illusion (RHI) procedure, a stronger than normal effect of the illusion should be observed. In order to verify this hypothesis, a 2 by 2 research design was used and 18 healthy subjects were recruited and subjected to 4 experimental sessions which involved a different combination of the conditions of PA, optical prisms or control lenses, and RHI, synchronous or asynchronous. In particular, the hypothesis predicted that following a visuomotor adaptation induced through the use of right-oriented optical prisms, the subject would show a significantly stronger effect due to the Rubber Hand illusion, quantified in terms of proprioceptive drift. than that recorded in the condition in which, during adaptation, the subject wore control lenses. The results obtained go in the direction of the hypothesis: a greater proprioceptive drift was detected in the condition in which the participants had previously carried out the adaptation procedure with prisms oriented to the right compared to those detected after the use of control lenses. However, the results, which are controversial in some respects, open up a series of new questions and alternative hypotheses to explore.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/26186