Precarizzazione del lavoro e migrazione di manodopera qualificata nei paesi dell'Europa occidentale

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between employment precariousness and high skilled migration. There exists a large number of studies investigating the effects of precarious employment on various issues ranging from unemployment to job insecurity, however, the studies on precariousness effects on migration are very scarce. In addition, in scholarly literature, high skilled migration in developed economies is presented as a specific migration with specific patterns differing from those from low-income countries or among those with lower educational attainment. For these reasons, we chose a relatively homogeneous sample of EU-15 or Western European countries that represent the highly developed European subregion. In the analysis, two different regression methods were used – pooled and fixed effects regression. The models included part-time, involuntary part-time, temporary, involuntary temporary, short term employment, unemployment and earnings as independent variables and emigration of population with tertiary education as a dependent. In the fixed effects regression, country and year were used as fixed effects. Our models showed that involuntary part-time and short term employment are significant positive predictors of high skilled emigration. Meanwhile, unemployment and earnings have proved to be insignificant in both models. The results support the implication that labour precariousness may be related to higher emigration of those with tertiary education in highly developed economies.