Wine culture in Roman Italy: production and consumption

This study investigates the production and consumption of wine in ancient Rome through a comprehensive analysis of both archaeological and written sources. The research also explores ancient writings on the consumption of wine in various contexts, including daily life, festivals, medical use, and religious rituals. By examining archaeological evidence, including grape remains, vineyard layouts, irrigation systems, tools, and architectural structures, this study provides material corroboration to the literary accounts, offering a fuller picture of Roman winemaking. The research further analyzes how winemaking knowledge and practices spread through- out the Mediterranean, from their origins in the Caucasus and western Asia to their integration into Mediterranean cultures. Through a review of scholarly research on Roman wine production, the study highlights changes in methodology and the effectiveness of different approaches to under- standing ancient winemaking. Written sources offer crucial details about grape cultivation, wine production methods, and the economic aspects of the industry, while archaeological findings shed light on the organization of vineyards and the tools used in winemaking. Additionally, the study examines the role of wine in Roman social and cultural life, exploring how it was consumed in various settings and the significance of wine storage and serving practices. Ultimately, the study provides a comprehensive view of how wine was produced, consumed, and integrated into Roman society.