Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant vascular disease that affects approximately 1 in 5,000-8,000 people. Clinical diagnosis is based on the Curaçao criteria, which include epistaxis, telangiectasia, arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and family history. HHT is mainly associated with mutations in four genes (ENG, ACVRL1, SMAD4, GDF2) that participate in the TGFβ/BMP pathway. However, in approximately 10% of patients presenting with clinical symptoms, standard molecular analyses (such as WES, MLPA) fail to identify the causative variants. These patients are classified as ‘not found’. This study aims to analyse whole genome sequencing (WGS) data in ‘not found’ patients to identify causative variants. Out of nine patients studied, causative variants of HHT were identified in five of them, while in one the diagnosis of HHT was excluded. Of the variants identified, 71% were intronic, underlining the importance of WGS in genetic diagnosis and understanding the molecular mechanisms of the disease. These findings may contribute to the development of new therapeutic targets for HHT.
La teleangectasia emorragica ereditaria (HHT) è una rara malattia vascolare autosomica dominante che colpisce circa 1 persona su 5.000-8.000. La diagnosi clinica si basa sui criteri di Curaçao, che includono epistassi, telangiectasie, malformazioni artero-venose (AVM) e storia familiare. HHT è principalmente associata a mutazioni in quattro geni (ENG, ACVRL1, SMAD4, GDF2) che partecipano al TGFβ/BMP pathway. Tuttavia, in circa il 10% dei pazienti con sintomi clinici le analisi molecolari standard (WES, MLPA) non sono in grado di identificare le varianti causative. Questo studio si propone di analizzare i dati del sequenziamento dell'intero genoma (WGS) in pazienti "Not Found" per identificare varianti causative. Su nove pazienti studiati, in cinque di essi, sono state identificate varianti causative di HHT, con esclusione della diagnosi di HHT in uno di essi. Il 71% delle varianti identificate sono introniche, sottolineando l'importanza del WGS nella diagnosi genetica e nella comprensione dei meccanismi molecolari della malattia. Questi risultati possono contribuire allo sviluppo di nuovi bersagli terapeutici per HHT.
Whole Genome Sequencing in Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT): secondary and tertiary data analysis, cosegregation and functional studies
CORONA, GIULIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant vascular disease that affects approximately 1 in 5,000-8,000 people. Clinical diagnosis is based on the Curaçao criteria, which include epistaxis, telangiectasia, arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and family history. HHT is mainly associated with mutations in four genes (ENG, ACVRL1, SMAD4, GDF2) that participate in the TGFβ/BMP pathway. However, in approximately 10% of patients presenting with clinical symptoms, standard molecular analyses (such as WES, MLPA) fail to identify the causative variants. These patients are classified as ‘not found’. This study aims to analyse whole genome sequencing (WGS) data in ‘not found’ patients to identify causative variants. Out of nine patients studied, causative variants of HHT were identified in five of them, while in one the diagnosis of HHT was excluded. Of the variants identified, 71% were intronic, underlining the importance of WGS in genetic diagnosis and understanding the molecular mechanisms of the disease. These findings may contribute to the development of new therapeutic targets for HHT.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Tesi di Giulia Corona.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/28420