This thesis investigates whether demographic characteristics influence consumers’ tendency towards responsible versus trend-driven consumption in the Netherlands. Although environmental awareness has increased, many consumers continue to engage in behaviours that conflict with their sustainability values. While prior research has examined these patterns in other national contexts, there is limited evidence on how demographic variables relate to consumption behaviour in the Dutch population. The study focuses on two key behavioural constructs. Responsible consumption refers to purchasing behaviour aimed at reducing environmental impact and supporting ethical production. Trend-driven consumption, in contrast, reflects behaviour shaped by marketing, peer influence, or the desire to own the latest version of a product, rather than by functional need. This behaviour is often shaped by social media and peer influence. The generational cohort theory provides the theoretical foundation for examining generational variation in behaviour. A mixed-methods research design was used. Primary data were collected through an online survey (N = 82) targeting Dutch residents from Generations X, Y, and Z. Respondents answered Likert-scale items measuring their consumption tendencies and demographic background. Responses were standardised, and statistical analyses, including t-tests, ANOVAs, and multiple linear regressions, were conducted to examine group differences. Secondary data from national sources were integrated to contextualise and support interpretation. The findings indicate that gender and income significantly relate to responsible consumption, with women and higher-income respondents reporting greater engagement. Generation and education significantly predict trend-driven consumption, with Generation Z and respondents with lower educational attainment showing higher scores. Income showed a marginal tendency towards trend-driven behaviour. Education did not significantly predict responsible consumption. These results suggest that demographic characteristics shape consumer tendencies in distinct ways, aligning partially with existing literature while also highlighting Dutch-specific dynamics. The study concludes that demographic factors are associated with consumer tendencies towards responsible and trend-driven behaviour. However, these variables explain only part of the variance. Additional influences, such as psychological factors, digital media exposure, and lifestyle values, likely play an important role. Limitations include the small, non-representative sample size and reliance on self-reported data. Despite these constraints, the research contributes exploratory insights relevant for sustainability marketing and public policy design. Future research should apply more representative and longitudinal methods to examine how demographic and psychological factors interact to shape responsible consumption.
Questa tesi indaga se le caratteristiche demografiche influenzano la tendenza dei consumatori verso un consumo responsabile o orientato alle tendenze nei Paesi Bassi. Sebbene la consapevolezza ambientale sia aumentata, molti consumatori continuano ad adottare comportamenti in contrasto con i propri valori di sostenibilità. Mentre studi precedenti hanno analizzato tali modelli in altri contesti nazionali, esistono prove limitate su come le variabili demografiche siano correlate ai comportamenti di consumo nella popolazione olandese. Lo studio si concentra su due principali costrutti comportamentali. Il consumo responsabile si riferisce a comportamenti di acquisto volti a ridurre l’impatto ambientale e a sostenere una produzione etica. Il consumo orientato alle tendenze, invece, riflette comportamenti influenzati dal marketing, dalla pressione dei pari o dal desiderio di possedere l’ultima versione di un prodotto, più per moda che per necessità. Questo comportamento è spesso modellato dai social media e dall’influenza del gruppo. La teoria delle coorti generazionali fornisce la base teorica per esaminare le variazioni generazionali nei comportamenti. È stato utilizzato un disegno di ricerca a metodi misti. I dati primari sono stati raccolti attraverso un sondaggio online (N = 82) rivolto a residenti olandesi appartenenti alle Generazioni X, Y e Z. I partecipanti hanno risposto a item su scala Likert relativi alle loro tendenze di consumo e caratteristiche demografiche. Le risposte sono state standardizzate e analizzate statisticamente mediante t-test, ANOVA e regressioni lineari multiple per esaminare le differenze tra i gruppi. Dati secondari provenienti da fonti nazionali sono stati integrati per contestualizzare e supportare l’interpretazione. I risultati indicano che genere e reddito sono significativamente correlati al consumo responsabile, con le donne e le persone con reddito più elevato che mostrano maggiore coinvolgimento. Generazione e livello di istruzione predicono il consumo orientato alle tendenze: la Generazione Z e i rispondenti con livello di istruzione più basso hanno ottenuto punteggi più alti. Il reddito ha mostrato una tendenza marginale verso il consumo orientato alle tendenze. L’istruzione non ha predetto significativamente il consumo responsabile. Questi risultati suggeriscono che le caratteristiche demografiche modellano le tendenze dei consumatori in modi distinti, in parte coerenti con la letteratura esistente e con dinamiche specifiche del contesto olandese. Lo studio conclude che i fattori demografici sono associati alle tendenze dei consumatori verso comportamenti responsabili e orientati alle tendenze. Tuttavia, tali variabili spiegano solo una parte della varianza. Fattori aggiuntivi, come aspetti psicologici, esposizione ai media digitali e valori legati allo stile di vita, possono avere un ruolo importante. Le limitazioni includono le dimensioni ridotte del campione, non rappresentativo, e l’uso di dati auto-riferiti. Nonostante queste limitazioni, la ricerca offre spunti esplorativi rilevanti per il marketing sostenibile e la progettazione di politiche pubbliche. Futuri studi dovrebbero applicare metodi più rappresentativi e longitudinali per comprendere come fattori demografici e psicologici interagiscano nel modellare il consumo responsabile.
Influenze demografiche sul consumo sostenibile e orientato alle tendenze nei Paesi Bassi
OBERNDORFF, SEBASTIAAN THEODORÉ JOZEPHINA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis investigates whether demographic characteristics influence consumers’ tendency towards responsible versus trend-driven consumption in the Netherlands. Although environmental awareness has increased, many consumers continue to engage in behaviours that conflict with their sustainability values. While prior research has examined these patterns in other national contexts, there is limited evidence on how demographic variables relate to consumption behaviour in the Dutch population. The study focuses on two key behavioural constructs. Responsible consumption refers to purchasing behaviour aimed at reducing environmental impact and supporting ethical production. Trend-driven consumption, in contrast, reflects behaviour shaped by marketing, peer influence, or the desire to own the latest version of a product, rather than by functional need. This behaviour is often shaped by social media and peer influence. The generational cohort theory provides the theoretical foundation for examining generational variation in behaviour. A mixed-methods research design was used. Primary data were collected through an online survey (N = 82) targeting Dutch residents from Generations X, Y, and Z. Respondents answered Likert-scale items measuring their consumption tendencies and demographic background. Responses were standardised, and statistical analyses, including t-tests, ANOVAs, and multiple linear regressions, were conducted to examine group differences. Secondary data from national sources were integrated to contextualise and support interpretation. The findings indicate that gender and income significantly relate to responsible consumption, with women and higher-income respondents reporting greater engagement. Generation and education significantly predict trend-driven consumption, with Generation Z and respondents with lower educational attainment showing higher scores. Income showed a marginal tendency towards trend-driven behaviour. Education did not significantly predict responsible consumption. These results suggest that demographic characteristics shape consumer tendencies in distinct ways, aligning partially with existing literature while also highlighting Dutch-specific dynamics. The study concludes that demographic factors are associated with consumer tendencies towards responsible and trend-driven behaviour. However, these variables explain only part of the variance. Additional influences, such as psychological factors, digital media exposure, and lifestyle values, likely play an important role. Limitations include the small, non-representative sample size and reliance on self-reported data. Despite these constraints, the research contributes exploratory insights relevant for sustainability marketing and public policy design. Future research should apply more representative and longitudinal methods to examine how demographic and psychological factors interact to shape responsible consumption.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/30048