Today we live in a historical period in which the reality is very different from few decades ago, because in the last fifteen years or so there has been an impressive acceleration, exponential, of technological innovation, which has been the main driver of a change that has changed 360 degrees the everyday life of people and businesses. During this phase of strong technological development, it has been assisted to the birth and to the diffusion of innumerable technologies of various nature, some of greater employment that have changed the daily life both to level of single persons and business, and others of more specific character which are employed in cases of niche or allow the conjugation between more technologies to enable new ones. On the whole, some of them had a greater impact on consumers, while others had more repercussions at the business level, changing the traditional logic of doing business, that is leading to abandon the traditional patterns of the past to move towards something totally new, unknown and constantly changing. This last point, that is the abandonment of the traditional logics of business, is made necessary for the enterprises that to today want to continue to survive and to be competitive in a reality in which, the rapid development of the technologies, sanctions a continuous evolution of the economic system, in which one of the new pillars is constituted from the flexibility and timeliness. Just think of the role that digital has assumed in recent years, becoming almost the pivotal element that determines the survival or decline of business realities, in almost all sectors. This has led to the so-called Digital Transformation process, which consists of identifying, adopting and exploiting new technologies in order to improve or transform one or more aspects of the organization in order to gain competitive advantage. Just such process, for the importance that today boasts in the development of the business activity, or better for its essentiality, is the fulcrum of the following thesis. Thesis that aims to make a broad-spectrum analysis about the transformation process mentioned above, and then highlight the peculiarities of this process applied in the Utilities sector by taking advantage of the study of a real case, namely the reality of Eni Gas and Light. Its structure is subdivided in three parts, the first one that deals with a 360° analysis of the Digital Transformation, analyzing the characteristics and the implications in general through a triple analysis that focuses on: distinctive elements, impact on the business processes and impact on the business organization, and finally it makes a specification of such process regarding the Utilities sector. The second part, instead, focuses on introducing the reality of Eni Gas and Light and providing an overview of the competitive and market scenario, this by exploiting a study of energy demand and supply in Italy and an international comparison of the final prices of electricity and natural gas. Finally, the last part of the elaboration concerns the study of the real Eni Gas e Luce case, that is to say, it deals with showing the Digital Transformation program that has been carried out by the company for about three years, and takes the name of Open Energy. A transformation program that enables a break with traditional business methods in order to create a modern business organization, from an operational and organizational point of view, which allows maximum competitiveness in a profoundly different economic reality than a few years ago.
Ad oggi viviamo in un periodo storico in cui la realtà è molto differente rispetto a qualche decennio fa, questo perchè negli ultimi quindici anni circa si è assistito ad una impressionante accelerata, di carattere esponenziale, dell’innovazione tecnologica, la quale è stata driver principale di un mutamento che ha stravolto a 360° la quotidianità delle persone e delle imprese. Durante questa fase di forte sviluppo tecnologico, si è assistito alla nascita e alla diffusione di innumerevoli tecnologie di varia natura, alcune di maggior impiego che hanno cambiato la quotidianità sia a livello di singole persone sia di business, e altre di carattere più specifico le quali sono impiegate in casi di nicchia o permettono la coniugazione tra più tecnologie per abilitarne di nuove. Nel complesso alcune di esse hanno inciso maggiormente nei confronti dei consumatori, altre invece hanno avuto ripercussioni più a livello di business arrivando a mutare le tradizionali logiche del fare impresa, ovvero portando ad abbandonare i tradizionali schemi del passato per orientarsi verso qualcosa di totalmente nuovo, ignoto e in continuo cambiamento. Quest’ultimo punto, ovvero l’abbandono delle logiche tradizionali di business, è reso necessario per le imprese che ad oggi vogliono continuare a sopravvivere ed essere competitive in una realtà in cui, il rapido sviluppo delle tecnologie, sancisce una continua evoluzione del sistema economico, nel quale uno dei nuovi pilastri è costituito dalla flessibilità e tempestività. Basta pensare al ruolo che il digitale ha assunto negli ultimi anni, diventando quasi l’elemento cardine che determina la sopravvivenza o il declino delle realtà aziendali, nella quasi totalità dei settori. Questo ha portato al cosiddetto processo di Digital Transformation, il quale consiste nell’individuare, adottare e sfruttare le nuove tecnologie al fine di migliorare o trasformare uno o più aspetti dell’organizzazione, al fine di ottenere vantaggio competitivo. Proprio tale processo, per l’importanza che ad oggi vanta nello svolgimento dell’attività d’impresa, o meglio per la sua essenzialità, è il fulcro del seguente elaborato di tesi. Tesi che si pone l’obiettivo di compiere un’analisi ad ampio spettro circa il processo di trasformazione sopracitato, e poi mettere in luce le peculiarità di tale processo applicato nel settore delle Utilities sfruttando lo studio di un caso reale, ovvero della realtà Eni Gas e Luce. La sua struttura è suddivisa in tre parti, la prima che si occupa di effettuare una analisi a 360° della Digital Transformation, analizzando le caratteristiche e le implicazioni in generale tramite una triplica analisi che verte su: elementi distintivi, impatto sui processi aziendali e impatto sull’organizzazione aziendale, ed infine effettua una specificazione di tale processo per quanto concerne il settore delle Utilities. La seconda parte, invece, si focalizza nell’introdurre la realtà di Eni Gas e Luce e nel fornire una panoramica circa lo scenario competitivo e di mercato, questo sfruttando uno studio della domanda e dell’offerta di energia in Italia e un confronto internazionale dei prezzi finali di energia elettrica e gas naturale. Infine, l’ultima parte dell’elaborato riguarda lo studio del caso reale Eni Gas e Luce, ovvero si occupa di mostrare il programma di Digital Transformation che da circa tre anni viene portato avanti dalla società, e prende il nome di Open Energy. Un programma di trasformazione il quale abilita una rottura con le tradizionali metodologie di business al fine di creare un’organizzazione aziendale moderna, dal punto di vista operativo e organizzativo, che permetta massima competitività in una realtà economica profondamente diversa rispetto a qualche anno fa.
Tecnologie e metodi implementativi per la Digital Transformation nel settore delle Utilities - caso Eni Gas e Luce
MARTINENGO, FEDERICO
2019/2020
Abstract
Today we live in a historical period in which the reality is very different from few decades ago, because in the last fifteen years or so there has been an impressive acceleration, exponential, of technological innovation, which has been the main driver of a change that has changed 360 degrees the everyday life of people and businesses. During this phase of strong technological development, it has been assisted to the birth and to the diffusion of innumerable technologies of various nature, some of greater employment that have changed the daily life both to level of single persons and business, and others of more specific character which are employed in cases of niche or allow the conjugation between more technologies to enable new ones. On the whole, some of them had a greater impact on consumers, while others had more repercussions at the business level, changing the traditional logic of doing business, that is leading to abandon the traditional patterns of the past to move towards something totally new, unknown and constantly changing. This last point, that is the abandonment of the traditional logics of business, is made necessary for the enterprises that to today want to continue to survive and to be competitive in a reality in which, the rapid development of the technologies, sanctions a continuous evolution of the economic system, in which one of the new pillars is constituted from the flexibility and timeliness. Just think of the role that digital has assumed in recent years, becoming almost the pivotal element that determines the survival or decline of business realities, in almost all sectors. This has led to the so-called Digital Transformation process, which consists of identifying, adopting and exploiting new technologies in order to improve or transform one or more aspects of the organization in order to gain competitive advantage. Just such process, for the importance that today boasts in the development of the business activity, or better for its essentiality, is the fulcrum of the following thesis. Thesis that aims to make a broad-spectrum analysis about the transformation process mentioned above, and then highlight the peculiarities of this process applied in the Utilities sector by taking advantage of the study of a real case, namely the reality of Eni Gas and Light. Its structure is subdivided in three parts, the first one that deals with a 360° analysis of the Digital Transformation, analyzing the characteristics and the implications in general through a triple analysis that focuses on: distinctive elements, impact on the business processes and impact on the business organization, and finally it makes a specification of such process regarding the Utilities sector. The second part, instead, focuses on introducing the reality of Eni Gas and Light and providing an overview of the competitive and market scenario, this by exploiting a study of energy demand and supply in Italy and an international comparison of the final prices of electricity and natural gas. Finally, the last part of the elaboration concerns the study of the real Eni Gas e Luce case, that is to say, it deals with showing the Digital Transformation program that has been carried out by the company for about three years, and takes the name of Open Energy. A transformation program that enables a break with traditional business methods in order to create a modern business organization, from an operational and organizational point of view, which allows maximum competitiveness in a profoundly different economic reality than a few years ago.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/301