Neural correlates of criminal behavior

This thesis explores the neural correlates and underlying cognitive processes of criminal behavior. This is done in a meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in offender populations. The main objective is to identify key brain regions used in criminal acts. The focus is on executive functions, like inhibition, reasoning, problem solving, decision-making, and moral judgement, and seeing how deficits in these functions contribute to criminal behavior. Studies were found by a systematic search, using keywords, and only those utilizing fMRI and relevant cognitive tasks were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed dysfunctions in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the insula/claustrum region. These regions are particularly important for impulse control and moral reasoning. Several limitations were identified, for example, a need for increased standardization across studies, and more diverse populations in future research. The findings provide insight into the neural mechanisms underlying criminal behavior, and offer valuable information for prevention and rehabilitation strategies. Broader research, and longitudinal and intervention-based designs are recommended to clarify these mechanisms and improve future approaches to criminal behavior.