This study analyzes the creation, organization, and deployment of colonial troops in Eritrea and Libya, from the occupation of Massawa in early 1885 to the transfer of Libyan troops to Sicily in 1915, as well as the methods and timing of the enlistment of African men in the army in the Italian colonies. It traces how the Italians managed these recruitments in Eritrea from the first months after the occupation of Massawa and how, with the occupation of Libya, Italy once again faced the task of recruiting ascari. The characteristics of Libyan society and the political situation were completely different from those the Italians had found in Eritrea, so the history of the recruitment of Libyan askaris seems to be characterized by a general refusal to enlist; in fact, the first indigenous Libyan battalion was not formed until August 1912. The military and political situation in Libya between 1913 and 1915 was characterized by great difficulties for the Italians in maintaining control of the territories, and it was in this context that the decision was made to transfer the ascari from Libya to Sicily in August 1915. This work aims to outline the role of the Ascari in the colonial history of Eritrea and Libya up to 1916, seeking a synthesis between the different perceptions of this role held by the various protagonists of those years, as well as the different national historiographies.
Questo studio analizza la nascita, l’organizzazione e l’impiego delle truppe coloniali in Eritrea e Libia, dall’occupazione di Massaua, nei primi mesi del 1885, al trasferimento in Sicilia delle truppe libiche nel 1915 e le modalità e i tempi dell’arruolamento di uomini africani nell’esercito nelle colonie italiane. Ripercorrendo come gli italiani hanno gestito questi reclutamenti in Eritrea sin dai primi mesi successivi all’occupazione di Massaua e come con l’occupazione della Libia l’Italia si trovò ad affrontare nuovamente il compito del reclutamento degli ascari. Le caratteristiche della società libica e la situazione politica erano completamente diverse da quelle che gli italiani avevano trovato in Eritrea, pertanto la storia dei reclutamenti degli ascari libici sembra caratterizzata da un generale rifiuto all’arruolamento; infatti il primo battaglione indigeno libico sarà formato soltanto nell’agosto 1912. La situazione militare e politica in Libia tra il 1913 e il 1915 fu caratterizzata da grosse difficoltà per gli italiani a mantenere il controllo dei territori ed è in questo contesto che si arrivò alla decisione di trasferire gli ascari dalla Libia in Sicilia nell’agosto 1915. Questo lavoro si propone di delineare il ruolo degli ascari nella storia coloniale di Eritrea e Libia fino al 1916, cercando una sintesi tra le diverse percezioni che di questo ruolo hanno avuto i diversi protagonisti di quegli anni, nonché le differenti storiografie nazionali.
LA CREAZIONE DELLE TRUPPE COLONIALI IN ERITREA E LIBIA (1885-1916).
RESTIVO, ROBERTA
2024/2025
Abstract
This study analyzes the creation, organization, and deployment of colonial troops in Eritrea and Libya, from the occupation of Massawa in early 1885 to the transfer of Libyan troops to Sicily in 1915, as well as the methods and timing of the enlistment of African men in the army in the Italian colonies. It traces how the Italians managed these recruitments in Eritrea from the first months after the occupation of Massawa and how, with the occupation of Libya, Italy once again faced the task of recruiting ascari. The characteristics of Libyan society and the political situation were completely different from those the Italians had found in Eritrea, so the history of the recruitment of Libyan askaris seems to be characterized by a general refusal to enlist; in fact, the first indigenous Libyan battalion was not formed until August 1912. The military and political situation in Libya between 1913 and 1915 was characterized by great difficulties for the Italians in maintaining control of the territories, and it was in this context that the decision was made to transfer the ascari from Libya to Sicily in August 1915. This work aims to outline the role of the Ascari in the colonial history of Eritrea and Libya up to 1916, seeking a synthesis between the different perceptions of this role held by the various protagonists of those years, as well as the different national historiographies.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi_Restivo.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/31145