Coercion and Forced Returns: A Thematic Analysis of Venezuelan Migrants’ Experiences in Chile and Peru

This master's thesis investigates the experiences of Venezuelan migrants in Chile and Peru, focusing on how coercive practices influence forced returns. The study aims to identify the manifestations of coercion in the return process, examining how national policies and international frameworks shape such practices, and the role of international organizations and NGOs. Through thematic analysis of reports, migration policies, media, and official communications, the research reveals that coercion takes both formal forms (such as bureaucratic barriers and direct expulsions) and informal forms (such as limited access to basic services and discrimination). Notable differences are found between the two case study countries. While international organizations and NGOs play a crucial role in protecting migrants, their involvement may inadvertently normalize state neglect. This study highlights the need for stronger protections for migrants and contributes to the growing literature on coercion in return migration, particularly within the South-South migration context.