The multilevel structure of the EU allows different stakeholders to influence policy-making through different institutional and non-institutional channels. In parallel to the European Social Dialogue, where the accepted social partners (ETUC, BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME, CEEP) are compulsorily consulted according to Article 152 TFEU before a legislative proposal in the socio-economic field, there is a competitive negotiating arena where the plurality of lobbies gravitating around Brussels compete to influence the legislator. Data from the Transparency Register and surveys by independent institutes such as the Corporate Europe Observatory establish a correlation between the lobbyist's spending budget and the number of meetings at the various levels of the Commission. It follows that the most influential actors are those who have had the greatest economic interests in consolidating their transnational representation, therefore employers' associations, industrial groups and multinationals. Despite the political will to involve the trade union social partners and create a system of cooperation between employers, trade unions and the legislator typical of a Euro-corporate model, in fact the representation of interests in the EU appears to be unbalanced in favor of the particular interests of large industries. The Union's raison d'être, aimed at market creating, risks holding back the progressive demands of today's agenda for a "social Europe" that promotes common social policies legitimized by the collective bargaining of representative European social partners.
La struttura multilivello dell’UE consente ai diversi stakeholders di influenzare il policy-making attraverso diversi canali, istituzionali e non. Parallelamente al Dialogo sociale europeo, dove le parti sociali ammesse (ETUC, BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME, CEEP) vengono obbligatoriamente consultate come da Articolo 152 TFUE prima di una proposta legislativa in ambito socioeconomico, esiste una arena negoziale competitiva dove la pluralità di lobby che gravitano attorno a Bruxelles competono per influenzare il legislatore. I dati del Registro per la trasparenza e le inchieste di istituti indipendenti come il Corporate Europe Observatory permettono di constatare una correlazione tra budget di spesa del lobbista e numero di incontri ai vari livelli della Commissione. Ne consegue che gli attori più influenti presso il legislatore europeo siano quelli che hanno avuto maggior interessi economici nel consolidare la propria rappresentanza transnazionale, quindi associazioni datoriali, gruppi industriali e multinazionali. Nonostante la volontà politica di coinvolgere le parti sociali sindacali e creare un sistema di cooperazione tra datori, sindacati e legislatore proprio di un modello Euro-corporativo, di fatto la rappresentanza degli interessi in UE risulta essere squilibrata a favore degli interessi particolari delle grandi industrie. La ragion d’essere dell’Unione, volta al market creating, rischia di frenare le istanze progressiste dell’odierna agenda per una “Europa sociale” che promuova politiche sociali comuni legittimate dalla contrattazione collettiva di parti sociali europee rappresentative.
IL LOBBISMO NEL PROCESSO DECISIONALE DELL’UE: LA SOTTORAPPRESENTAZIONE DEI SINDACATI NELLA CONTRATTAZIONE COLLETTIVA TRANSNAZIONALE
GIACOMELLO, EMMA
2022/2023
Abstract
The multilevel structure of the EU allows different stakeholders to influence policy-making through different institutional and non-institutional channels. In parallel to the European Social Dialogue, where the accepted social partners (ETUC, BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME, CEEP) are compulsorily consulted according to Article 152 TFEU before a legislative proposal in the socio-economic field, there is a competitive negotiating arena where the plurality of lobbies gravitating around Brussels compete to influence the legislator. Data from the Transparency Register and surveys by independent institutes such as the Corporate Europe Observatory establish a correlation between the lobbyist's spending budget and the number of meetings at the various levels of the Commission. It follows that the most influential actors are those who have had the greatest economic interests in consolidating their transnational representation, therefore employers' associations, industrial groups and multinationals. Despite the political will to involve the trade union social partners and create a system of cooperation between employers, trade unions and the legislator typical of a Euro-corporate model, in fact the representation of interests in the EU appears to be unbalanced in favor of the particular interests of large industries. The Union's raison d'être, aimed at market creating, risks holding back the progressive demands of today's agenda for a "social Europe" that promotes common social policies legitimized by the collective bargaining of representative European social partners.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/3309