Early emotional and psychological nurturing is crucial in the early years of life; it plays a fundamental role in child’s development. Nevertheless, this form of care is frequently limited for children raised in children’s homes which leaves them with significant and long-lasting effects. The thesis reviews the theoretical framework, empirical data, and literature analysis on the long-term psychological, neurobiological, and emotional impacts of early childhood trauma when growing up in children’s homes. It investigates how emotional regulation and connection, intimacy, and adult relationships are affected later in life by the lack of consistent affection, protection, love and safety throughout their early years of life and childhood. Children’s homes aim and work towards meeting children’s basic needs and ensuring their safety, but children’s homes fall short to give the emotional support and presence along with individualised care and attention necessary for a child’s healthy development. As a results, children’s homes leave significant psychological, neurobiological, and emotional wounds. These echoes of children’s homes can be seen in later aspects of life, showing up as difficulties with emotional resilience, trust, and vulnerability. The thesis will also examine how systemic aspects such as delayed adoption policies and excessively rigid adoption criteria and process extend children’s exposure to care, safety, love, and emotional presence. Such delays can disrupt bonding phases that are significant in the early stages of life, making it harder to form healthy relationships later in life. Importantly, the thesis also provides an optimistic and encouraging perspective on the potential for recovery and change. Studies on neuroplasticity and “earned secure attachment” indicate that a single safe, steady, caring and loving relationship later in life can rewire the brain and help in emotional and attachment connection. By connecting psychological theory with neuroscientific findings, the thesis proposes that although the impacts of children’s homes may last a lifetime, they are not irreparable. Through intervention, therapy, support, safe relationships, and systemic change, healing can happen, and the ability to create meaningful connections remains a possibility.
La cura emotiva e psicologica precoce riveste un ruolo cruciale nei primi anni di vita, esercitando un’influenza determinante sullo sviluppo del bambino. Tuttavia, tale forma di accudimento risulta spesso carente nei bambini cresciuti all’interno delle case famiglia e delle strutture residenziali, con conseguenze significative e durature. La presente tesi esamina il quadro teorico di riferimento, i dati empirici e la letteratura scientifica relativi agli effetti psicologici, neurobiologici ed emotivi a lungo termine del trauma infantile precoce nei bambini cresciuti in contesti istituzionalizzati. In particolare, il lavoro indaga in che modo la mancanza di affetto costante, protezione, amore e sicurezza durante l’infanzia influenzi, in età adulta, i processi di regolazione emotiva, la capacità di connessione affettiva, l’intimità e la qualità delle relazioni interpersonali. Sebbene le case famiglia abbiano l’obiettivo di soddisfare i bisogni primari dei minori e garantirne la sicurezza fisica, esse spesso non riescono a offrire un adeguato supporto emotivo, una presenza stabile e un’attenzione individualizzata, elementi fondamentali per uno sviluppo sano. Di conseguenza, l’esperienza dell’istituzionalizzazione può lasciare ferite profonde di natura psicologica, neurobiologica ed emotiva. Le ripercussioni di tali esperienze emergono frequentemente nelle fasi successive della vita, manifestandosi attraverso difficoltà nella resilienza emotiva, nella fiducia e nella capacità di vulnerabilità relazionale. La tesi analizza inoltre l’impatto di fattori sistemici, quali le politiche di adozione tardive e criteri eccessivamente rigidi nei processi adottivi, che prolungano l’esposizione dei bambini alla deprivazione affettiva e alla mancanza di una presenza emotiva stabile. Tali ritardi possono compromettere le fasi di attaccamento cruciali nei primi anni di vita, rendendo più complessa la costruzione di relazioni sane in età adulta. Infine, il lavoro propone una prospettiva incoraggiante sulle possibilità di recupero e cambiamento. Le ricerche sulla neuroplasticità e sul concetto di attaccamento sicuro acquisito (earned secure attachment) dimostrano che anche una singola relazione stabile, sicura, accudente e affettivamente significativa in età adulta può favorire una riorganizzazione delle connessioni neurali e promuovere una maggiore sicurezza emotiva e relazionale. Integrando la teoria psicologica con le evidenze neuroscientifiche, la tesi sostiene che, sebbene gli effetti dell’istituzionalizzazione possano persistere nel tempo, essi non sono irreversibili. Attraverso interventi mirati, percorsi terapeutici, supporto adeguato, relazioni sicure e cambiamenti sistemici, i processi di guarigione risultano possibili e la capacità di costruire legami significativi rimane accessibile
Gli effetti a lungo termine del trauma nelle case famiglia sulle relazioni romantiche e sulla connessione emotiva
RUKAVINA, LUCIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Early emotional and psychological nurturing is crucial in the early years of life; it plays a fundamental role in child’s development. Nevertheless, this form of care is frequently limited for children raised in children’s homes which leaves them with significant and long-lasting effects. The thesis reviews the theoretical framework, empirical data, and literature analysis on the long-term psychological, neurobiological, and emotional impacts of early childhood trauma when growing up in children’s homes. It investigates how emotional regulation and connection, intimacy, and adult relationships are affected later in life by the lack of consistent affection, protection, love and safety throughout their early years of life and childhood. Children’s homes aim and work towards meeting children’s basic needs and ensuring their safety, but children’s homes fall short to give the emotional support and presence along with individualised care and attention necessary for a child’s healthy development. As a results, children’s homes leave significant psychological, neurobiological, and emotional wounds. These echoes of children’s homes can be seen in later aspects of life, showing up as difficulties with emotional resilience, trust, and vulnerability. The thesis will also examine how systemic aspects such as delayed adoption policies and excessively rigid adoption criteria and process extend children’s exposure to care, safety, love, and emotional presence. Such delays can disrupt bonding phases that are significant in the early stages of life, making it harder to form healthy relationships later in life. Importantly, the thesis also provides an optimistic and encouraging perspective on the potential for recovery and change. Studies on neuroplasticity and “earned secure attachment” indicate that a single safe, steady, caring and loving relationship later in life can rewire the brain and help in emotional and attachment connection. By connecting psychological theory with neuroscientific findings, the thesis proposes that although the impacts of children’s homes may last a lifetime, they are not irreparable. Through intervention, therapy, support, safe relationships, and systemic change, healing can happen, and the ability to create meaningful connections remains a possibility.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/34106