Sustainability risks have gained prominence in corporate decision-making and disclosure, especially following the introduction of the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS). Despite this, prior research identifies persistent inconsistencies between sustainability reporting and corporate risk management, prompting questions regarding the identification and disclosure of sustainability-related risks by companies. The present study investigates sustainability risk disclosure using the ESRS framework within the sustainability statements of companies listed in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) Europe. A quantitative content analysis was conducted on sustainability statements published in 2025 for the 2024 fiscal year. The final sample comprises 46 EU-based DJSI Europe companies that report sustainability information in accordance with the ESRS framework. Sustainability-related risks were manually extracted from Impacts, Risks, and Opportunities (IRO) tables and categorized by ESRS environmental (E1–E5), social (S1–S4), and governance (G1) topics. In total, 538 sustainability-related risks were identified and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The evidence suggests that sustainability risk disclosure is widespread among the companies analyzed, with environmental risks—especially climate-related transition and physical risks—being the most frequently reported. In contrast, risks related to biodiversity, pollution, water resources, and value-chain social issues are disclosed less frequently. Overall, the results suggest that risks directly linked to companies’ operations are reported more consistently than those associated with wider environmental systems or value chains. The analysis also reveals variations in disclosure patterns across sectors and industries, particularly in the social dimension. By mapping sustainability risk disclosures across ESRS topics, this study provides an empirical overview of current reporting practices and highlights the sustainability issues that companies identify and disclose as risks within the ESRS framework.
I rischi di sostenibilità hanno acquisito crescente rilevanza nei processi decisionali e nelle pratiche di disclosure delle imprese, soprattutto a seguito dell’introduzione degli European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS). Nonostante ciò, la letteratura precedente evidenzia persistenti incoerenze tra la rendicontazione di sostenibilità e i sistemi di gestione del rischio aziendale, sollevando interrogativi su come le imprese identifichino e divulghino i rischi legati alla sostenibilità. Il presente studio analizza la disclosure dei rischi di sostenibilità utilizzando il framework ESRS all’interno delle dichiarazioni di sostenibilità delle imprese incluse nel Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) Europe. È stata condotta un’analisi quantitativa di contenuto sulle dichiarazioni di sostenibilità pubblicate nel 2025 relative all’esercizio finanziario 2024. Il campione finale comprende 46 imprese con sede nell’Unione Europea appartenenti al DJSI Europe che rendicontano le informazioni di sostenibilità in conformità con il framework ESRS. I rischi legati alla sostenibilità sono stati estratti manualmente dalle tabelle Impacts, Risks and Opportunities (IRO) e classificati secondo i temi ESRS ambientali (E1–E5), sociali (S1–S4) e di governance (G1). Complessivamente, sono stati identificati 538 rischi di sostenibilità, successivamente analizzati mediante metodi statistici descrittivi. I risultati suggeriscono che la disclosure dei rischi di sostenibilità è ampiamente diffusa tra le imprese analizzate, con i rischi ambientali—in particolare quelli climatici di transizione e fisici—che risultano i più frequentemente riportati. Al contrario, i rischi relativi alla biodiversità, all’inquinamento, alle risorse idriche e alle questioni sociali lungo la catena del valore sono divulgati con minore frequenza. Nel complesso, i risultati indicano che i rischi direttamente collegati alle operazioni aziendali sono riportati con maggiore coerenza rispetto a quelli associati a sistemi ambientali più ampi o alla catena del valore. L’analisi evidenzia inoltre variazioni nei modelli di disclosure tra settori e industrie, in particolare nella dimensione sociale. Mappando la disclosure dei rischi di sostenibilità attraverso i temi ESRS, questo studio fornisce una panoramica empirica delle pratiche di rendicontazione attuali e mette in evidenza le questioni di sostenibilità che le imprese identificano e divulgano come rischi nell’ambito del framework ESRS.
Rendicontazione dei rischi di sostenibilità nel framework ESRS: un’analisi empirica delle imprese incluse nel Dow Jones Sustainability Index Europe
MARQUES VEIGA, LUCAS
2024/2025
Abstract
Sustainability risks have gained prominence in corporate decision-making and disclosure, especially following the introduction of the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS). Despite this, prior research identifies persistent inconsistencies between sustainability reporting and corporate risk management, prompting questions regarding the identification and disclosure of sustainability-related risks by companies. The present study investigates sustainability risk disclosure using the ESRS framework within the sustainability statements of companies listed in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) Europe. A quantitative content analysis was conducted on sustainability statements published in 2025 for the 2024 fiscal year. The final sample comprises 46 EU-based DJSI Europe companies that report sustainability information in accordance with the ESRS framework. Sustainability-related risks were manually extracted from Impacts, Risks, and Opportunities (IRO) tables and categorized by ESRS environmental (E1–E5), social (S1–S4), and governance (G1) topics. In total, 538 sustainability-related risks were identified and analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The evidence suggests that sustainability risk disclosure is widespread among the companies analyzed, with environmental risks—especially climate-related transition and physical risks—being the most frequently reported. In contrast, risks related to biodiversity, pollution, water resources, and value-chain social issues are disclosed less frequently. Overall, the results suggest that risks directly linked to companies’ operations are reported more consistently than those associated with wider environmental systems or value chains. The analysis also reveals variations in disclosure patterns across sectors and industries, particularly in the social dimension. By mapping sustainability risk disclosures across ESRS topics, this study provides an empirical overview of current reporting practices and highlights the sustainability issues that companies identify and disclose as risks within the ESRS framework.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/34882