Development of a Dynamic Circuit Model for a Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer and Integration into a Type-4 Wind Energy Conversion System.

In the framework of the global energy transition, green hydrogen produced via water electrolysis stands as a key energy carrier to mitigate the inherent intermittency of renewable sources. This thesis presents the development and validation of a highfidelity Digital Twin of a 600 kW Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer directly coupled with a Type-IV wind energy conversion system (WECS). To ensure maximum accuracy, a multi-step modeling approach was implemented: first, a mathematical “Virtual Plant” was developed in MATLAB to simulate static and dynamic cell responses. Subsequently, the Multi-Innovation Least Squares (MILS) algorithm was utilized to extract non-linear equivalent electrical parameters, overcoming the limitations of traditional recursive methods. This analytical framework was then translated into a physical adaptive circuit within the Simscape Electrical environment, employing 1-D Lookup Tables (LUTs) to reflect real-time impedance variations. The system was validated through dynamic simulations using high-resolution turbulent wind profile data from Tenerife. The results demonstrate a high level of fidelity, with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.0126 V, confirming the model’s ability to replicate complex transients and shark-fin voltage responses. Furthermore, the study identifies a significant “power mismatch” between rapid wind fluctuations and the electrolyzer’s 10% pu/s ramp-rate limits. This analysis underscores the technical necessity for future integration of Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS) and real-time Hardware-in-theLoop (HIL) validation to optimize system lifespan and operational reliability. Keywords: Green Hydrogen, Digital Twin, PEM Electrolyzer, Wind Energy, MILS Algorithm, Simscape, System Integration.