This study analyzes the media and its evolution, focusing on the communication strategies implemented by Italian politicians and influencers. The aim of this thesis is to provide the reader with the proper tools to understand the world of media, understand how it has evolved and why, by analyzing concrete cases using data extracted from online platforms. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part includes an in-depth study of the concept of "media" from a theoretical point of view, based on the works of Marshall McLuhan, who is considered the "prophet of the digital era," while citing the weaknesses of his ideas and the criticisms made towards the Canadian author by other experts. It proceeds by analyzing the concept of "social media" in its various representations (social media and social networks) and functional structures, concluding with an exploration of its evolution from its appearance to the present time. The second part illustrates a study investigating the use of social media (Facebook, X, Instagram and TikTok) by public figures such as politicians and influencers. Through this analysis, the communication strategies adopted will be explored and differences and similarities among the actors considered will be understood. The main current political leaders (Carlo Calenda, Giuseppe Conte, Giorgia Meloni, Matteo Renzi, Matteo Salvini, and Elly Schlein) and two of the influencers who have concretely shaped the political agenda-setting in recent years (Fedez and Chiara Ferragni) were taken into analysis. The study took into consideration a time frame of one year after the establishment of the Meloni government (the first female prime minister in Italian history) and, with the help of different types of data collected, it was possible to analyze: the most popular and the most engaging public figure; the personalities who make the most use of the features provided by the platforms; what topics are most discussed; and what sentiments are expressed by the content published.
Il presente studio analizza i media e la loro evoluzione, concentrandosi sulle strategie comunicative messe in atto dai politici e influencer italiani. L’obiettivo di questa tesi è quello di fornire al lettore gli strumenti adeguati per comprendere il mondo dei media, capire come si è evoluto e perché, analizzando casi concreti servendosi di dati estratti dalle piattaforme online. L’elaborato è suddiviso in due parti. La prima parte vede un approfondito studio del concetto di “media” dal punto di vista teorico, secondo le opere di Marshall McLuhan, considerato il “profeta dell’era digitale”, citando però i punti deboli del suo pensiero e le critiche mosse verso l’autore canadese da parte di altri studiosi. Si prosegue analizzando il concetto di “social media” nelle sue diverse rappresentazioni (social media e social network) e strutture funzionali, concludendo con l’esplorazione della sua evoluzione dalla comparsa ai tempi odierni. La seconda parte mostra una ricerca che studia l’uso dei social media (Facebook, X, Instagram e TikTok) da parte di personaggi pubblici come politici e influencer. Grazie a questa analisi, si esploreranno le strategie comunicative adottate e si comprenderanno differenze e similitudini tra gli attori considerati. Sono stati presi in analisi i principali leader politici attuali (Carlo Calenda, Giuseppe Conte, Giorgia Meloni, Matteo Renzi, Matteo Salvini e Elly Schlein) e due degli influencer che hanno influenzato concretamente la definizione dell’agenda politica negli ultimi anni (Fedez e Chiara Ferragni). Lo studio ha preso in considerazione un arco temporale di un anno dopo l’insediamento del Governo Meloni (la prima premier donna della storia italiana) e, grazie a diverse tipologie di dati raccolti, è stato possibile analizzare: il personaggio più popolare e il più ingaggiante; i personaggi che sfruttano maggiormente le funzionalità messe a disposizione dalle piattaforme; quali sono i temi più trattati e quali sentimenti esprimono i contenuti pubblicati.
DAI MEDIA AI SOCIAL MEDIA: LA COMUNICAZIONE DEL PRIMO ANNO DI GOVERNO MELONI SULLE PIATTAFORME ONLINE
PALMITANO, SAMUELE
2022/2023
Abstract
This study analyzes the media and its evolution, focusing on the communication strategies implemented by Italian politicians and influencers. The aim of this thesis is to provide the reader with the proper tools to understand the world of media, understand how it has evolved and why, by analyzing concrete cases using data extracted from online platforms. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part includes an in-depth study of the concept of "media" from a theoretical point of view, based on the works of Marshall McLuhan, who is considered the "prophet of the digital era," while citing the weaknesses of his ideas and the criticisms made towards the Canadian author by other experts. It proceeds by analyzing the concept of "social media" in its various representations (social media and social networks) and functional structures, concluding with an exploration of its evolution from its appearance to the present time. The second part illustrates a study investigating the use of social media (Facebook, X, Instagram and TikTok) by public figures such as politicians and influencers. Through this analysis, the communication strategies adopted will be explored and differences and similarities among the actors considered will be understood. The main current political leaders (Carlo Calenda, Giuseppe Conte, Giorgia Meloni, Matteo Renzi, Matteo Salvini, and Elly Schlein) and two of the influencers who have concretely shaped the political agenda-setting in recent years (Fedez and Chiara Ferragni) were taken into analysis. The study took into consideration a time frame of one year after the establishment of the Meloni government (the first female prime minister in Italian history) and, with the help of different types of data collected, it was possible to analyze: the most popular and the most engaging public figure; the personalities who make the most use of the features provided by the platforms; what topics are most discussed; and what sentiments are expressed by the content published.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/3784