This thesis utilizes and adapts different strands of status theory (namely Social Identity Theory and Status Dissatisfaction Theory) to propose a new sub theory – Status Institutionalization Theory – for understanding the dynamics at hand between actors in international organizations, which this thesis conceptualizes as institutionalized status communities. To provide a first test of the merits of this new approach, this thesis utilizes the theory’s implicit assumptions to analyze the League of Nations mandates system, specifically the interactions between France, Britain, and the Permanent Mandates Commission (PMC) as legitimizing actor regarding the conduct of the former in their mandates in the Middle East. As such, this thesis concludes that, while France initially did not want to comply with the way how status could be obtained in the newly institutionalized status community, actively tried to subvert it, but later was forced to accommodate the status community’s inherent dynamics and change its behavior vis-a-vis the status community, Britain started off as ‘model mandatory’ but soon found the associated costs of maintaining such role too much to bear and engineered a way out of League oversight through the creation of Iraq as the first modern client state. As such, in the words of status institutionalization theory, this theory posits that France utilized a social competition tactic regarding its conduct in its Syrian mandate until the PMC forced it to change its ways during a special inquiry in Rome, while Britain – incentivized by both the secondhand experience from France, its troubles of putting Tanganyika into administrative union with neighboring colonies, and the growing nationalist sentiment in Iraq – utilized a social creativity tactic to 1) rid itself from League oversight and 2) create the perception of being the first actor in the status community that ‘fulfilled’ its mandate and made one of the mandated peoples now “able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world”.
Questa tesi utilizza e adatta diversi filoni della teoria dello status (vale a dire lo Status Identity Theory e lo Status Dissatisfaction Theory) per proporre una nuova sottoteoria – lo Status Institutionalization Theory - per comprendere le dinamiche in atto tra gli attori nelle organizzazioni internazionali, che questa tesi concettualizza come status istituzionalizzato. comunità. Per fornire una prima prova dei meriti di questo nuovo approccio, questa tesi utilizza i presupposti impliciti della teoria per analizzare il sistema dei mandati della Società delle Nazioni, in particolare le interazioni tra Francia, Gran Bretagna e la Permanent Mandates Commission (PMC) come attore legittimante riguardo al condotta dei primi durante i loro mandati in Medio Oriente. In quanto tale, questa tesi conclude che, mentre la Francia inizialmente non voleva conformarsi al modo in cui lo status poteva essere ottenuto nella comunità dello status appena istituzionalizzata, ha cercato attivamente di sovvertirlo, ma in seguito è stata costretta ad accogliere le dinamiche intrinseche della comunità dello status e il cambiamento. suo comportamento nei confronti della comunità di status, la Gran Bretagna iniziò come "modello obbligatorio", ma presto trovò che i costi associati al mantenimento di tale ruolo erano troppo alti da sostenere e progettò una via d'uscita dal controllo della Lega attraverso la creazione dell'Iraq come il primo paese moderno. stato cliente. In quanto tale, secondo le parole dello Status Institutionalization Theory, questa teoria presuppone che la Francia abbia utilizzato una social competition tactic per quanto riguarda la sua condotta durante il suo mandato siriano fino a quando il PMC non l’ha costretta a cambiare rotta durante un’inchiesta speciale a Roma, mentre la Gran Bretagna – incentivata da entrambi l’esperienza di seconda mano della Francia, i suoi problemi nel mettere il Tanganica nell’unione amministrativa con le colonie vicine e il crescente sentimento nazionalista in Iraq – hanno utilizzato una social creativity tactic per 1) liberarsi dalla supervisione della Lega e 2) creare la percezione di essere il primo attore nella comunità di status che ha “adempiuto” al suo mandato e ha reso uno dei popoli mandatari ora “in grado di resistere da solo nelle faticose condizioni del mondo moderno”.
The Scramble for Status - France, Britain, and their Mandates in the Middle East
BACKHAUS, MAXIMILIAN ALEXANDER
2022/2023
Abstract
This thesis utilizes and adapts different strands of status theory (namely Social Identity Theory and Status Dissatisfaction Theory) to propose a new sub theory – Status Institutionalization Theory – for understanding the dynamics at hand between actors in international organizations, which this thesis conceptualizes as institutionalized status communities. To provide a first test of the merits of this new approach, this thesis utilizes the theory’s implicit assumptions to analyze the League of Nations mandates system, specifically the interactions between France, Britain, and the Permanent Mandates Commission (PMC) as legitimizing actor regarding the conduct of the former in their mandates in the Middle East. As such, this thesis concludes that, while France initially did not want to comply with the way how status could be obtained in the newly institutionalized status community, actively tried to subvert it, but later was forced to accommodate the status community’s inherent dynamics and change its behavior vis-a-vis the status community, Britain started off as ‘model mandatory’ but soon found the associated costs of maintaining such role too much to bear and engineered a way out of League oversight through the creation of Iraq as the first modern client state. As such, in the words of status institutionalization theory, this theory posits that France utilized a social competition tactic regarding its conduct in its Syrian mandate until the PMC forced it to change its ways during a special inquiry in Rome, while Britain – incentivized by both the secondhand experience from France, its troubles of putting Tanganyika into administrative union with neighboring colonies, and the growing nationalist sentiment in Iraq – utilized a social creativity tactic to 1) rid itself from League oversight and 2) create the perception of being the first actor in the status community that ‘fulfilled’ its mandate and made one of the mandated peoples now “able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world”.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/3787