This thesis is about the relationship between science, technology and environment from a legal point of view, with a particular focus on technical standards in environmental assessments. The first part has been dedicated to the lasting relationship between science and the environment and the creation of a new law, environmental law exactly, which has gradually introduced environmental protection in many European and non-European Constitutions. This part has been concluded with the legal evolution of environmental damage and its legislative framework in international, European and national levels. The second part is gone to the heart of technical standards, highlighting their definition and classification problems in the sources of law; the turning-point imprinted by European Directive so-called “New Approach” has been also emphasized, because it created a “dual track” of technical standards production. Moreover, the peculiarity of environmental sector is characterized by a combination of alternative legal instruments to traditional “command and control” tools: these include the Environmental Impact Assessment and Strategic Environmental Assessment. Finally, a project has been explained as a case study and its technical elements have been shown in two ways: the role of “expertise” in administrative cases and criticism that could compromise the realization of the project.
La tesi tratta del rapporto fra scienza, tecnologia e ambiente considerato da un punto di vista giuridico, con un focus particolare sulle norme tecniche nelle valutazioni ambientali. Una prima parte dell'elaborato è dedicata al rapporto duraturo tra scienza e ambiente ed alla nascita di un nuovo diritto, il diritto dell'ambiente per l'appunto, che ha gradualmente introdotto la tutela del bene ambiente in moltissime Costituzioni europee ed extraeuropee. Chiudono la prima parte l'evoluzione giuridica del danno ambientale ed il suo inquadramento legislativo in ambito internazionale, europeo e nazionale. Segue una seconda parte in cui si entra nel cuore delle norme tecniche, evidenziandone i problemi definitori e classificatori nelle fonti del diritto e sottolineando la svolta impressa dalla direttiva europea c.d. “nuovo approccio”, che ha creato un “doppio binario” di produzione normativa tecnica. La peculiarità del settore ambientale vede altresì l'accostamento di strumenti giuridici alternativi ai tradizionali strumenti di “command and control”: fra questi, la Valutazione di Impatto Ambientale (VIA) e la Valutazione Ambientale Strategica (VAS). Infine, viene illustrato, come caso di studio, un progetto di cui vengono messi in rilievo gli elementi tecnici sotto due aspetti: il ruolo degli “esperti” nel contenzioso amministrativo e le criticità che potrebbero compromettere la realizzazione del progetto.
Scienza, tecnologia e ambiente: profili giuridici
ESPOSTI, LAURA
2014/2015
Abstract
This thesis is about the relationship between science, technology and environment from a legal point of view, with a particular focus on technical standards in environmental assessments. The first part has been dedicated to the lasting relationship between science and the environment and the creation of a new law, environmental law exactly, which has gradually introduced environmental protection in many European and non-European Constitutions. This part has been concluded with the legal evolution of environmental damage and its legislative framework in international, European and national levels. The second part is gone to the heart of technical standards, highlighting their definition and classification problems in the sources of law; the turning-point imprinted by European Directive so-called “New Approach” has been also emphasized, because it created a “dual track” of technical standards production. Moreover, the peculiarity of environmental sector is characterized by a combination of alternative legal instruments to traditional “command and control” tools: these include the Environmental Impact Assessment and Strategic Environmental Assessment. Finally, a project has been explained as a case study and its technical elements have been shown in two ways: the role of “expertise” in administrative cases and criticism that could compromise the realization of the project.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
Per maggiori informazioni e per verifiche sull'eventuale disponibilità del file scrivere a: unitesi@unipv.it.
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/5821