The Sharing Economy, literally "sharing economy", is a phenomenon of great importance that involves millions of people, whose effects have repercussions in many areas. To date, there is no clear and shared definition of the phenomenon and this generates confusion in the use of the term, not only among experts, but also for governments to regulate the phenomenon. The Sharing Economy is a value-based, behavioral model based on collaboration and sharing of goods, services and skills that mainly takes place between peers (peer to peer), eliminating the intermediation of traditional commercial, financial and institutional structures and proposing new commercial consumption systems. and a new way of managing one's time and work. They are services that, although in their diversity, have a common language, values and operating methods that prefer access to the good instead of ownership, exchange instead of buying and collaboration in place of competitiveness. These systems do not replace, at least for the time being, old patterns of life, but they are flanked by constituting a possible and desirable alternative. The reasons that led to the diffusion of the Sharing Economy are to be found in the desire that some users (suppliers) had to share their underutilized assets, compared to the maximum capacity, in favor of those (users) who needed that specific service, in exchange for an economic consideration or simply a sharing of knowledge and information. The economic consideration is however lower than what would have cost the user to purchase the product / service entirely. For example, you do not want to own an apartment but access it temporarily, you do not want to own a car but rent it to get to your destination and in the same way you do not want to buy a DVD but want to access the movie. Concepts such as sharing, bartering, borrowing, exchange, rental, donation and trade are reinvented through network technologies in ways and times never made possible before. To have a systemic view of the phenomenon, the thesis presents the best known realities referring to the platforms of AirBnB, BlaBlacar, JustPark, Zipcar RelayRides and SkillShare. The present paper, after presenting an analysis of the sectors and future prospects, underlines the risks and the criticisms of the Sharing Economy. In particular, it focuses on the regulation of the phenomenon in Italy: fiscal aspects and intervention policy
La Sharing Economy, letteralmente “economia della condivisione”, è un fenomeno di grande portata che coinvolge milioni di persone, i cui effetti si ripercuotono in molteplici ambiti. Ad oggi, non esiste una definizione chiara e condivisa del fenomeno e ciò genera confusione nell’uso del termine, non solo tra gli esperti, ma anche per i governi ai fini della regolamentazione del fenomeno. La Sharing Economy è un modello valoriale, comportamentale basato sulla collaborazione e condivisione di beni, servizi e competenze che avviene principalmente tra pari (peer to peer), eliminando l’intermediazione delle strutture commerciali, finanziarie, istituzionali tradizionali e propongono nuovi sistemi di consumo commerciali e un nuovo modo di gestire il proprio tempo e il proprio lavoro. Sono servizi che, seppur nella loro diversità, hanno un linguaggio, dei valori e delle modalità operative comuni e che prediligono l’accesso al bene invece della proprietà, lo scambio invece dell’acquisto e la collaborazione al posto della competitività. Questi sistemi non sostituiscono, almeno al momento, i vecchi modelli di vita, ma si affiancano costituendo un’alternativa possibile e desiderabile. I motivi che hanno portato alla diffusione della Sharing Economy sono da ricercare nella volontà che avevano alcuni utenti (fornitori) di condividere i propri beni sottoutilizzati, rispetto alla capacità massima, a favore di chi ( utilizzatori) necessitava di quel servizio specifico, in cambio di un corrispettivo economico o, semplicemente, di una condivisione di conoscenze e informazioni. Il corrispettivo economico è comunque inferiore a quanto sarebbe costato all’utilizzatore acquistare interamente il prodotto/servizio. Ad esempio, non si vuole possedere un appartamento ma accedervi temporaneamente, non si vuole possedere un’auto ma noleggiarla per arrivare a destinazione e allo stesso modo non si vuole acquistare un DVD ma si desidera accedere al film. Concetti come la condivisione, il baratto, il prestito, lo scambio, il noleggio, la donazione e il commercio vengono reinventati attraverso le tecnologie della rete in modi e tempi mai resi possibili prima. Per avere un visione sistemica del fenomeno, la tesi presenta le realtà più conosciute riferite alle piattaforme di AirBnB, BlaBlacar, JustPark, Zipcar RelayRides e SkillShare. Il presente elaborato, dopo aver presentato un’analisi sui settori e sulle prospettive future, sottolinea i rischi e le critiche alla Sharing Economy. In particolare, si sofferma sulla regolamentazione del fenomeno in Italia: aspetti fiscali e la politica di intervento.
La Sharing Economy: opportunità e rischi nella condivisione
BRUNO, ELISABETTA
2017/2018
Abstract
The Sharing Economy, literally "sharing economy", is a phenomenon of great importance that involves millions of people, whose effects have repercussions in many areas. To date, there is no clear and shared definition of the phenomenon and this generates confusion in the use of the term, not only among experts, but also for governments to regulate the phenomenon. The Sharing Economy is a value-based, behavioral model based on collaboration and sharing of goods, services and skills that mainly takes place between peers (peer to peer), eliminating the intermediation of traditional commercial, financial and institutional structures and proposing new commercial consumption systems. and a new way of managing one's time and work. They are services that, although in their diversity, have a common language, values and operating methods that prefer access to the good instead of ownership, exchange instead of buying and collaboration in place of competitiveness. These systems do not replace, at least for the time being, old patterns of life, but they are flanked by constituting a possible and desirable alternative. The reasons that led to the diffusion of the Sharing Economy are to be found in the desire that some users (suppliers) had to share their underutilized assets, compared to the maximum capacity, in favor of those (users) who needed that specific service, in exchange for an economic consideration or simply a sharing of knowledge and information. The economic consideration is however lower than what would have cost the user to purchase the product / service entirely. For example, you do not want to own an apartment but access it temporarily, you do not want to own a car but rent it to get to your destination and in the same way you do not want to buy a DVD but want to access the movie. Concepts such as sharing, bartering, borrowing, exchange, rental, donation and trade are reinvented through network technologies in ways and times never made possible before. To have a systemic view of the phenomenon, the thesis presents the best known realities referring to the platforms of AirBnB, BlaBlacar, JustPark, Zipcar RelayRides and SkillShare. The present paper, after presenting an analysis of the sectors and future prospects, underlines the risks and the criticisms of the Sharing Economy. In particular, it focuses on the regulation of the phenomenon in Italy: fiscal aspects and intervention policyÈ consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/6526