The increasing number of students enrolled in third level education is an impediment that cannot be ignored and that needs reflection. This tendency undoubtedly affects the quality of the teaching methods of an academic programme. This being said, the flipped classroom model provides an opportunity to overcome the ensuing lack of interaction and collaboration in large-scale university lectures. By delivering direct instructions before class time, the flipped classroom approach allows full dedication to lecture hours in order to engage students in activities that maximise interaction. Indeed, the flipped classroom is a teaching method rooted in the paradigm of socio-constructivism that emphasises students active role. This dissertation illustrates the theory-driven design of a flipped classroom concept based on the learning management system ILIAS, which improves interaction in large-scale university courses. In consistence with a design science approach, the theory-driven requirements are derived from the theories and frameworks originating from the socio-constructivism paradigm. Following these requirements, the design principles of our concept lead to a four-stage flipped classroom. According to this four-stage design students get a first exposure before class time by assimilating lecture material and through extended collaboration with their peers via the ILIAS platform. By shifting direct instructions on-line, lecture hours can be devoted to interactive activities engaging students and leading them to advance towards higher cognitive levels. The feasibility of our flipped classroom concept on ILIAS is demonstrated using a thought experiment describing its possible application to a large-scale university course as part of an IS curriculum. The redesign of this IS course into a flipped classroom results in a six-phase recurring learning cycle, in which each pair of phases consists in an on-line and a face-to-face class session. Our design concept enables students to personalise their learning experience over a self-regulated way by means of the functionalities of ILIAS. Moreover, the tools incorporated in this learning management system make available learner-learner and learner-lecturer interactions outside of class, and on a constant basis. This allows students to concentrate on applying their knowledge and skills during active class hours. Our design concept on ILIAS is able to translate the conceptual frameworks underling the flipped classroom approach into applicable context-specific plans. Besides fostering interaction, our concept also allows self-regulated learning and tools personalisation. Therefore, the main finding of this research is the design of an innovative concept on the learning management system ILIAS, able to fit a broad range of university courses. Accordingly, our concept provides an alternative that can be used by university lecturers. Indeed, it grants the possibility to adapt their academic curriculum into a flipped classroom.
L’incremento del numero di studenti universitari porta ad un aumento delle dimensioni dei corsi che sono caratterizzati da una mancanza di interazione e di collaborazione. Questa tendenza influisce in modo negativo sulla qualità dei metodi di insegnamento in ambito accademico. Il modello di insegnamento denominato “flipped classroom” o classe capovolta offre l'opportunità di superare la mancanza di interazione e di collaborazione che si manifesta nei corsi universitari di grandi dimensioni. Fornendo agli studenti il materiale didattico prima della lezione, l'approccio della classe capovolta consente di sfruttare le ore in aula per coinvolgere gli studenti in attività che massimizzano l'interazione sia tra gli studenti e il docente sia tra gli studenti stessi. La classe capovolta è un metodo che ha origine dal paradigma del socio-costruttivismo, un approccio che enfatizza il ruolo attivo degli studenti. Questa tesi ha l’obiettivo di sviluppare un modello di classe capovolta tramite il supporto del learning management system ILIAS, al fine di aumentare il grado di interazione nei corsi universitari di grandi dimensioni. Seguendo il metodo denominato “design science” i requisiti del modello di classe capovolta vengono derivati dalle teorie e dai modelli che si basano sul paradigma del socio-costruttivismo. Dai principi che ne derivano emerge un modello di classe capovolta su ILIAS composto da quattro fasi. Secondo questo modello gli studenti hanno l’opportunità di esaminare le risorse a loro disposizione prima della lezione e di collaborare con i loro compagni attraverso la piattaforma ILIAS. Mettendo a disposizione il materiale didattico on-line prima della lezione, il tempo trascorso in aula è interamente dedicato allo svolgimento di attività interattive che stimolano gli studenti ad avanzare verso superiori livelli cognitivi. La validità del modello sviluppato è dimostrata conducendo un esperimento mentale che vede l’applicazione del modello di classe capovolta su ILIAS a un corso universitario di grandi dimensioni. L’adattamento del curriculum del corso al modello di classe capovolta risulta in un ciclo composto da sei fasi ricorrenti, nel quale ogni coppia di fasi si svolge on-line e durante le ore di lezione. In questo modo, gli studenti hanno l’opportunità di poter applicare le loro conoscenze grazie alle attività che vengono svolte in aula. La classe capovolta sviluppata su ILIAS è in grado di implementare i modelli su cui la classe capovolta si fonda. Il risultato principale di questa ricerca è la creazione di un modello di classe capovolta sul learning management system ILIAS che sia adattabile a una vasta gamma di corsi universitari. Di conseguenza, il nostro modello costituisce un'alternativa utilizzabile nell’ambito dell’istruzione universitaria. Infatti, il modello sviluppato sulla piattaforma ILIAS permette di adattare il curriculum di qualsiasi corso universitario a quello di una classe capovolta.
Design of a Flipped Classroom Concept Based on ILIAS: a Theory-Driven Approach
TOLOMEI, GIULIA
2015/2016
Abstract
The increasing number of students enrolled in third level education is an impediment that cannot be ignored and that needs reflection. This tendency undoubtedly affects the quality of the teaching methods of an academic programme. This being said, the flipped classroom model provides an opportunity to overcome the ensuing lack of interaction and collaboration in large-scale university lectures. By delivering direct instructions before class time, the flipped classroom approach allows full dedication to lecture hours in order to engage students in activities that maximise interaction. Indeed, the flipped classroom is a teaching method rooted in the paradigm of socio-constructivism that emphasises students active role. This dissertation illustrates the theory-driven design of a flipped classroom concept based on the learning management system ILIAS, which improves interaction in large-scale university courses. In consistence with a design science approach, the theory-driven requirements are derived from the theories and frameworks originating from the socio-constructivism paradigm. Following these requirements, the design principles of our concept lead to a four-stage flipped classroom. According to this four-stage design students get a first exposure before class time by assimilating lecture material and through extended collaboration with their peers via the ILIAS platform. By shifting direct instructions on-line, lecture hours can be devoted to interactive activities engaging students and leading them to advance towards higher cognitive levels. The feasibility of our flipped classroom concept on ILIAS is demonstrated using a thought experiment describing its possible application to a large-scale university course as part of an IS curriculum. The redesign of this IS course into a flipped classroom results in a six-phase recurring learning cycle, in which each pair of phases consists in an on-line and a face-to-face class session. Our design concept enables students to personalise their learning experience over a self-regulated way by means of the functionalities of ILIAS. Moreover, the tools incorporated in this learning management system make available learner-learner and learner-lecturer interactions outside of class, and on a constant basis. This allows students to concentrate on applying their knowledge and skills during active class hours. Our design concept on ILIAS is able to translate the conceptual frameworks underling the flipped classroom approach into applicable context-specific plans. Besides fostering interaction, our concept also allows self-regulated learning and tools personalisation. Therefore, the main finding of this research is the design of an innovative concept on the learning management system ILIAS, able to fit a broad range of university courses. Accordingly, our concept provides an alternative that can be used by university lecturers. Indeed, it grants the possibility to adapt their academic curriculum into a flipped classroom.È consentito all'utente scaricare e condividere i documenti disponibili a testo pieno in UNITESI UNIPV nel rispetto della licenza Creative Commons del tipo CC BY NC ND.
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/6808