Research that has investigated the prosociality of elderly people has so far been conducted in the monetary field. These studies have highlighted that, as age advances, generosity in donating money also increases. However, there is still little research that has explored prosocial behavior of people aged 65 and over in other domains. Time is one of the resources commonly believed to be more available in old age, but has currently been little studied. The primary aim of this study was to compare older adults’ willingness to share time with their propensity to share money. The second aim was to examine how differences in these two domains correlate with demographic, cognitive and individual variables. The study included 178 participants aged between 65 and 94. Participants were randomly assigned to four conditions: two experimental and two control. In the Time Experimental Condition, following a short online conversation with another person (fictitious participant) who declared an important time shortage, elderly participants were asked to share their time with him. In the Money Experimental Condition participants was invited to share a portion of money with another fictitious participant who had expressed financial difficulties in the previous conversation. In the two Control Conditions the fictitious participant showed neither lack of time nor economic difficulties and the elderly person was asked to share, in one case, the time and, in the other, the money. Results showed a greater prosocial tendency of older people in sharing money with the fictitious participant who expressed an economic need. Conversely, the study’s elderly participants do not show greater willingness to share their time with the fictitious participant who complained of a consistent lack of time. The correlation with the variables of interest was discussed.
Le ricerche che hanno studiato la prosocialità delle persone anziane sono state condotte, finora, in ambito monetario. Tali studi hanno evidenziato che, con l’avanzare dell’età, aumenta anche la generosità nel donare soldi. Tuttavia, sono ancora poche le ricerche che hanno esplorato il comportamento prosociale delle persone dai 65 anni in su in altri domini. Il tempo è una delle risorse ritenute comunemente più disponibili in età avanzata, ma al momento è stata poco studiata. Lo scopo principale di questo studio era quello di indagare la disponibilità degli anziani a condividere il tempo, confrontandola con la loro propensione a condividere il denaro. Un secondo obiettivo era quello di mettere in relazione eventuali differenze nei due domini con alcune variabili demografiche, cognitive e individuali. Allo studio hanno preso parte 178 persone di età compresa tra i 65 e i 94 anni. I partecipanti sono stati assegnati in modo randomizzato a quattro condizioni: due sperimentali e due di controllo. Nella Condizione Sperimentale Tempo, dopo una breve conversazione online con un’altra persona (partecipante fittizio) che dichiarava un’importante carenza di tempo, ai partecipanti anziani veniva chiesto di condividere il loro tempo con essa. Nella Condizione Sperimentale Soldi i partecipanti erano invitati a condividere una quota di denaro con un altro partecipante fittizio che aveva manifestato difficoltà economiche nella precedente conversazione. Nelle due Condizioni di Controllo il partecipante fittizio non manifestava né mancanza di tempo, né difficoltà economiche e alla persona anziana veniva chiesto di condividere, in un caso, il tempo e, nell’altro, il denaro. Le analisi hanno evidenziato la maggiore prosocialità delle persone anziane a condividere denaro con il partecipante fittizio che manifestava un bisogno economico. Al contrario, le persone anziane, coinvolte nello studio, non hanno mostrato maggiore disponibilità a condividere il loro tempo con il partecipante fittizio che lamentava una consistente mancanza di tempo. Infine, sono state discusse le correlazioni con le variabili di interesse.
LA PROSOCIALITÀ DELLE PERSONE ANZIANE: TEMPO E DENARO A CONFRONTO
VITTALONI, CHIARA
2023/2024
Abstract
Research that has investigated the prosociality of elderly people has so far been conducted in the monetary field. These studies have highlighted that, as age advances, generosity in donating money also increases. However, there is still little research that has explored prosocial behavior of people aged 65 and over in other domains. Time is one of the resources commonly believed to be more available in old age, but has currently been little studied. The primary aim of this study was to compare older adults’ willingness to share time with their propensity to share money. The second aim was to examine how differences in these two domains correlate with demographic, cognitive and individual variables. The study included 178 participants aged between 65 and 94. Participants were randomly assigned to four conditions: two experimental and two control. In the Time Experimental Condition, following a short online conversation with another person (fictitious participant) who declared an important time shortage, elderly participants were asked to share their time with him. In the Money Experimental Condition participants was invited to share a portion of money with another fictitious participant who had expressed financial difficulties in the previous conversation. In the two Control Conditions the fictitious participant showed neither lack of time nor economic difficulties and the elderly person was asked to share, in one case, the time and, in the other, the money. Results showed a greater prosocial tendency of older people in sharing money with the fictitious participant who expressed an economic need. Conversely, the study’s elderly participants do not show greater willingness to share their time with the fictitious participant who complained of a consistent lack of time. The correlation with the variables of interest was discussed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14239/26205