IL SISTEMA DELLO SCAMBIO DELLE QUOTE DI EMISSIONI NELL'UNIONE EUROPEA (EU-ETS) E IL MECCANISMO DI ADEGUAMENTO DEL CARBONIO ALLE FRONTIERE (CBAM): EVOLUZIONE E PROSPETTIVE FUTURE.

This thesis examines the Emissions Trading Scheme (EU-ETS) and the Carbon Boundary Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) in the European Union, discussing their evolution and prospects in addressing economic and environmental challenges. The study aims to understand how these instruments can contribute to a sustainable economic model that combines economic growth and environmental protection. The paper explores these mechanisms' theoretical foundations, regulatory framework, and practical implications, analysing their potential and criticality within European and global climate policy. It emphasises that climate change is a significant global challenge that requires innovative policies and international cooperation. The EU has developed pioneering instruments, such as the EU-ETS and CBAM, to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainability. These mechanisms are crucial in achieving a sustainable economic model that addresses the financial and environmental challenges of the ecological transition.